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膜孔灌土壤濕潤(rùn)體水分分布與入滲特性數(shù)值模擬
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    摘要:

    以非飽和土壤水分運(yùn)動(dòng)理論為基礎(chǔ),建立了膜孔灌土壤水分運(yùn)動(dòng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并用SWMS-3D軟件進(jìn)行求解,利用室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)對(duì)模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析驗(yàn)證,模擬值與實(shí)測(cè)值基本吻合,所建模型合理。用所建立的模型和方法對(duì)一定灌水技術(shù)要素組合下的土壤濕潤(rùn)體水分分布、膜孔入滲量進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,結(jié)果表明:除膜孔間距大時(shí),膜孔附近土壤水分分布不均勻程度增大外,土壤質(zhì)地、容積密度、初始含水率、膜孔直徑和灌溉水深對(duì)膜孔灌土壤水分分布模式影響較小。土壤質(zhì)地、容積密度對(duì)膜孔灌的入滲特性影響顯著,土壤初始含水率和灌溉水深對(duì)其影響較小。膜孔控制區(qū)域內(nèi)的平均入滲水深主要受開(kāi)孔率和膜孔直徑的影響。

    Abstract:

    Based on the theory for water movement in non-saturated soil, the mathematical model of film hole irrigation was developed to describe soil water movement of the film hole irrigation. The SWMS—3D software was used to solve the model and the results were testified with laboratory experiments. The numerical simulation values are coincided with the experimental values, which show that the model is credible. Finally, the affects of irrigation water technologies elements on the soil wetting pattern, film hole infiltration volume of film hole irrigation were simulated and analyzed. The results indicate that the soil character, bulk density, initial water content, film hole diameter and irrigation water depth have slight effects on the wetting pattern, and the film hole space have obvious effects on the soil water contribution near the film hole when the film hole space is large. The soil character and bulk density have obvious effects on water infiltration characters. Meanwhile, initial water content and irrigated water depth have slight effects on water infiltration characters. The average infiltration water depth of film hole control zone with infiltration time is mainly affected by open hole ratio and film hole diameter.

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范嚴(yán)偉,馬孝義,王波雷,高文強(qiáng),聶衛(wèi)波.膜孔灌土壤濕潤(rùn)體水分分布與入滲特性數(shù)值模擬[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2008,39(11):35-41.[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2008,39(11):35-41.

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