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高精度氣動比例壓力閥設(shè)計與特性分析
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Characteristics Analysis of a High Precision Pneumatic Proportional Pressure Valve
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    摘要:

    設(shè)計了一種兩級閥芯活塞式結(jié)構(gòu)的以比例電磁鐵為控制元件,采用電反饋閉環(huán)控制的高精度氣動比例壓力閥。該閥輸出壓力在0.6 MPa內(nèi)連續(xù)可調(diào),且穩(wěn)態(tài)精度可達(dá)0.25 kPa。建立了比例閥完整的非線性動態(tài)模型,分析了主要物理和幾何參數(shù)對系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性和控制性能的影響;構(gòu)建了輸出因子調(diào)整的模糊自適應(yīng)比例加積分控制器,并利用ATmega16單片機(jī)實現(xiàn)了壓力在設(shè)定范圍內(nèi)的快速高精度控制。實驗結(jié)果表明,該閥在設(shè)計壓力范圍內(nèi)具有良好的壓力和流量特性;和傳統(tǒng)PI算法相比,輸出因子調(diào)整的模糊自適應(yīng)算法在改善系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)和控制穩(wěn)定性的同時,顯著提高了穩(wěn)態(tài)控制精度,具有較高的效率和魯棒性。

    Abstract:

    A high precision pneumatic proportional pressure valve was designed. The plunger-type structure with two-stage poppet was adopted for the valve. A proportional electromagnetic actuator was used as control component and the control method was electric closed-loop feedback. The output pressure can be adjusted continuously within 0.6 MPa absolute with the steady-state precision of less than 0.25 kPa. A completely nonlinear dynamic model was developed to analyze the effects of main physical and geometrical parameters on the valve’s dynamic behavior and control performance. A self-adaptive fuzzy proportional plus integral controller with adjusting output scaling factor was designed for high precision and quickly control of different pressure target values, and carried out based on single chip-microcomputer ATmega16. Experimental results indicated that the valve has a good performance in pressure and flow characteristics under the designed pressure. Compared to traditional PI controller, the proposed fuzzy algorithm can improve the response and control stability of the system as well as the steady-tate precision drastically, which has better efficiency and robustness. 

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路波,陶國良,袁月峰,劉昊,班偉.高精度氣動比例壓力閥設(shè)計與特性分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2009,40(10):181-187. Characteristics Analysis of a High Precision Pneumatic Proportional Pressure Valve[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2009,40(10):181-187.

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