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玉米收獲機(jī)自動對行系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0701901)


Design and Experiment of Auto-follow Row System for Corn Harvester
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    摘要:

    為提高玉米收獲機(jī)的對行質(zhì)量,減輕駕駛員的勞動強(qiáng)度,設(shè)計(jì)了一套玉米收獲機(jī)自動對行系統(tǒng),包括自動對行感知系統(tǒng)和路徑跟蹤控制系統(tǒng)。感知系統(tǒng)由激光雷達(dá)、機(jī)械式對行傳感器、陀螺轉(zhuǎn)角儀等組成,激光雷達(dá)檢測進(jìn)入地塊前的橫向偏差,機(jī)械式對行傳感器檢測收獲作業(yè)時的橫向偏差,陀螺轉(zhuǎn)角儀檢測航向偏角。以純追蹤模型作為路徑跟蹤的控制方法,利用模糊控制原理動態(tài)調(diào)整純追蹤模型中的前視距離,結(jié)合收獲機(jī)的運(yùn)動學(xué)模型,確定收獲機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)向輪的期望轉(zhuǎn)角,并通過Matlab/Simulink軟件對模型進(jìn)行仿真分析。將自動對行系統(tǒng)搭載于4YL-6型玉米收獲機(jī)上進(jìn)行田間試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明,激光雷達(dá)靜態(tài)檢測試驗(yàn)的偏差均值為0.0775m,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差均值為0.1309m,偏差在±15cm和±30cm內(nèi)的比例均值分別為80.5%和95%;激光雷達(dá)地頭自動對行試驗(yàn)的平均調(diào)整距離為7.89m,平均偏差為0.146m;基于機(jī)械式對行傳感器的收獲作業(yè)自動對行試驗(yàn)的偏差均值為0.0876m,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差均值為0.0976m,偏差在±15cm和±30cm內(nèi)的比例均值分別為831%和100%。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果滿足玉米收獲機(jī)的對行作業(yè)要求,可為玉米收獲機(jī)的自動對行提供理論支持。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the alignment quality of corn harvester and reduce the driver’s labor intensity, an autofollow row system of corn harvester was designed, which included sensing system and path tracking control system. The sensing system consisted of laser radar, mechanical sensor using for autofollow row system and gyroscope. The lateral deviation between harvester and corn boundary line was detected by laser radar when the harvester moved to corn field, and the lateral deviation was detected by mechanical sensor during harvesting operation, and the heading angle was detected by gyroscope. Pure pursuit model was used as the control method of path tracking, and the forwardlooking distance of pure pursuit model was dynamically adjusted by fuzzy control. The desired steering angle was determined by the kinematics model of the harvester. The model was simulated and analyzed by Matlab/Simulink. The 4YZ-6 corn harvester with autofollow row system was tested in the field and the results were as follows: the average deviation of laser radar static detection test was 0.0775m, the average standard deviation was 0.1309m, and the proportion of deviation between -15cm and 15cm was 80.5%,and the proportion of deviation between -30cm and 30cm was 95%; the average adjustment distance of autofollow row test based on laser radar was 7.89m, the average deviation was 0.146m; in autofollow row test based on mechanical sensor, the average deviation was 0.0876m and average standard deviation was 0.0976m, the proportion of deviation between -15cm and 15cm was 83.1%, and the proportion of deviation between -30cm and 30cm was 100%. The test results met the requirements of autofollow row of corn harvester, and provided theoretical support for corn harvester’s autofollow row.

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張凱良,胡勇,楊麗,張東興,崔濤,范亮亮.玉米收獲機(jī)自動對行系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(2):103-114. ZHANG Kailiang, HU Yong, YANG Li, ZHANG Dongxing, CUI Tao, FAN Liangliang. Design and Experiment of Auto-follow Row System for Corn Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(2):103-114.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-05-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-02-10
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