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基于靈敏度和碰撞仿真的汽車車身輕量化優(yōu)化設(shè)計
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Design of Car Body Based on Sensitivity and Side Crash Simulation
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    摘要:

    提出了基于靈敏度分析和側(cè)面碰撞的汽車車身結(jié)構(gòu)輕量化設(shè)計方法。首先以車身結(jié)構(gòu)零件的板厚為設(shè)計變量,以白車身的模態(tài)和剛度為約束條件,白車身質(zhì)量最小為目標(biāo),分析了零件板厚關(guān)于車身模態(tài)和剛度的靈敏度。選取對車身模態(tài)和剛度以及抗撞性不敏感的車身零件的板厚,進行以白車身質(zhì)量最小為目標(biāo)的優(yōu)化計算。優(yōu)化結(jié)果使車身減輕14.8 kg。對輕量化后的整車和乘員約束系統(tǒng)進行了側(cè)面碰撞的模擬計算,并與輕量化前的結(jié)果進行了對比,對整車耐撞性和乘員的安全性進行對比校核,根據(jù)碰撞結(jié)果對車身零部件的厚度進行了再調(diào)整。結(jié)果表明,輕量化后的車身滿足碰撞安全性的要求,假人的C-NCAP得分也是可接受的。

    Abstract:

    A method of lightweight about car body was developed based on the analysis of sensitivity and crashworthiness. First, the thickness of components on car body was used as design variables. The modal and stiffness of car body were the constraint. The weight of car body was the objective of optimization. The sensitivity of the thickness about modal and stiffness was obtained. Based on this sensitivity, the components whose thickness was not sensitive to modal and stiffness of car body were selected as the design variables. Using these design variables, the optimization design was carried out with the minimize weight of car body as objective. The result of optimization made 14.8kg weight reduction of car body, and guaranteed the performance of stiffness and modal. The simulations of side crash including whole car and occupant restraint system were carried out to the car after lightweight. The performance of crashworthiness and occupant restraint system was validated through comparing the results of before and after lightweight. In order to make the lightweight car body satisfied the requirement of crashworthiness, the thickness of components was modified again according to the results of side crash. The results showed the feasibility of the lightweight method based on sensitivity and side crash simulation.

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葉輝,胡平,申國哲,孫宏圖,劉波,周定陸.基于靈敏度和碰撞仿真的汽車車身輕量化優(yōu)化設(shè)計[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2010,41(10):18-22. Design of Car Body Based on Sensitivity and Side Crash Simulation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(10):18-22.

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