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種子玉米籽粒仿生脫粒機(jī)理分析
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高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)科研基金資助項(xiàng)目(200801570007)、河南科技大學(xué)自然科學(xué)領(lǐng)域科研創(chuàng)新能力培育基金資助項(xiàng)目(2009CZ0004)和河南科技大學(xué)博士科研啟動(dòng)基金資助項(xiàng)目(09001235)


Bionic Threshing Process Analysis of Seed Corn Kernel
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    在分析玉米種子生物力學(xué)特性與雞喙結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)行了雞喙啄取玉米籽粒的單玉米穗試驗(yàn)。為使玉米籽粒低損傷脫粒,首先要在水分適宜時(shí)按照一定順序破壞籽粒與籽粒之間的相互支撐作用。在同一含水率下玉米籽粒三面承載能力不同,腹面承載最大而頂面承載最小。在選擇作用部位時(shí),盡可能避開在籽粒頂部施加載荷。雞喙不僅具有優(yōu)良的插入籽粒間隙能力,還具有較強(qiáng)的啄取籽粒能力;雞喙插入玉米穗部位是縱行與縱行之間的間隙,雞喙插入籽粒過程是一個(gè)三角楔插入籽粒間隙作用的過程,雞喙多次插入同一部位,會(huì)使啄取部位的籽粒低損傷脫下或松散。雞喙啄取松散籽粒時(shí)雞喙對(duì)籽粒產(chǎn)生拉力作用,當(dāng)此拉力大于果柄的連接力時(shí)籽粒就被脫下。

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    On the basis of analysis of biomechanics of corn kernel and structure of rooster beak, experiment of rooster beak pecking corn kernel on single corn ear was conducted. The experimental results showed that under suitable moisture content, in order to make kernel low damage thresh, the supportive role between kernels must be broken firstly according to certain law. Under the same moisture content, capacity loaded was different for three surfaces of corn kernel. Force loaded at ventro-surface of corn kernel was the largest. The force at the top surface of corn kernel was the least. While choose position loaded, it’s better to avoid top surface loaded of kernel. Rooster beak not only had good ability of inserting kernel cleft, but also stronger ability of pecking corn kernel. The partition that rooster beak inserted corn ear was gap between longitudinal lines. The process that rooster beak inserted corn kernel was the functional process that a triangular wedge inserted corn kernel cleft, that rooster beak inserted same partition could make kernel low damage thresh or loose. When rooster beak pecks lax kernel, it could produce the pull, and corn kernel could thresh, as the pull was bigger than the connection force of fruit handle of corn kernel. This research could provide a bionics basis on improving the geometrical shape of threshing parts and designing low damage seed corn thresher.

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李心平,李玉柱,高 吭,邱兆美,馬福麗,高連興.種子玉米籽粒仿生脫粒機(jī)理分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2011,42(2):99-103. Li Xinping, Li Yuzhu, Gao Hang, Qiu Zhaomei, Ma Fuli, Gao Lianxing. Bionic Threshing Process Analysis of Seed Corn Kernel[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(2):99-103.

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