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設施灌溉條件下不同次生鹽漬化土壤鹽分離子遷移特征
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國家自然科學基金資助項目(40901138)


Effects of Salt Ions Transport on Different Levels of Secondary Salinization Soil under Greenhouse Irrigation
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    摘要:

    通過在設施灌溉條件下的室內(nèi)土柱模擬試驗,研究了灌水對不同次生鹽漬化水平設施土壤鹽分離子遷移特征的影響。結果表明:Ca2+與NO-3在灌水后5~15d表現(xiàn)出隨時間的推移剖面分布呈“雙峰”特性,隨著次生鹽漬化水平的升高,Ca2+與NO-3淋洗速度變慢同時其返鹽時間也較遲。地下水對K+遷移影響不顯著,使得K+在灌水后剖面分布呈“單峰”特性,SO2-4在所有次生鹽漬化水平下一次性灌水很難將其淋洗出耕層。從環(huán)境因素看,Ca2+在土層的表層和底層以及灌水后期都表現(xiàn)出與水分和溫度較好的耦合效應,并且兩者對Ca2+運移具有協(xié)同作用。K+在0~20 cm土層運移主要受水分的影響,而30~50 cm土層主要受溫度的影響,從灌水時間看,在灌水后5~15 d內(nèi)主要受溫度影響,而灌水20 d后主要受水分影響。NO-3和SO2-4不論從土層還是時間看主要受水分的影響較大。

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    The salt ions distribution at different levels of secondary salinization of greenhouse soil under the same irrigation was investigated through soil columns in lab. The results were as follows: Ca2+ and NO-3 were showed “double peaks” feature on the distribution profile in the irrigation of 5~15 d. With the increased level of secondary salinization, Ca2+ and NO-3 were leached more slowly while the return of salt time later. Migration of groundwater on the K + had no significant effect. The K+ ions showed a “single peak” feature on the distribution profile after irrigation. The SO2-4 was difficult to be leached out of topsoil under all the degree of secondary salinzation. Factors from the environmental perspective, Ca2+ in the soil surface and bottom were prominent with a good coupling effect of air temperature, soil moisture content and soil salt content, and both of the Ca2+ transport had a synergistic effect. K+ transport in 0~20cm soil layers affected mainly by water, while the 30~50cm soil layers mainly influenced by temperature, the time from the irrigation point of view, in 5~15 d after irrigation affected by temperature, but after 20 d affected mainly by water, while the 30~50cm soil layer mainly influenced by temperature, the time from the irrigation point of view, in 5~15 d after irrigation affected by temperature, but 20 d after irrigation affected mainly by water. Whether from the soil or the time, NO-3 and SO2-4 transport was influenced mainly by water.

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李衛(wèi),鄭子成,李廷軒,余海英,曾禮.設施灌溉條件下不同次生鹽漬化土壤鹽分離子遷移特征[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2011,42(5):92-99. Li Wei, Zheng Zicheng, Li Tingxuan, Yu Haiying, Zeng Li. Effects of Salt Ions Transport on Different Levels of Secondary Salinization Soil under Greenhouse Irrigation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(5):92-99.

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