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基于機(jī)器視覺的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人運(yùn)動(dòng)障礙目標(biāo)檢測(cè)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(31071325);江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(BK2010458)


Moving Obstacle Detection Based on Machine Vision for Agricultural Mobile Robot
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    摘要:

    在農(nóng)業(yè)移動(dòng)機(jī)器人平臺(tái)上運(yùn)用機(jī)器視覺技術(shù)檢測(cè)作業(yè)環(huán)境中是否存在運(yùn)動(dòng)障礙目標(biāo)時(shí),機(jī)器人自身運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)與障礙目標(biāo)運(yùn)動(dòng)疊加在一起。為此,首先在移動(dòng)機(jī)器人平臺(tái)上連續(xù)采集兩幀圖像,提取其特征點(diǎn)并加以匹配;然后應(yīng)用雙線性模型描述對(duì)應(yīng)特征點(diǎn)在圖像之間的運(yùn)動(dòng)特性,并用最小二乘法對(duì)模型參數(shù)進(jìn)行最優(yōu)估計(jì),得到兩幀圖像之間的變換矩陣;最后利用此變換矩陣補(bǔ)償前幀圖像來消除機(jī)器人自身運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響,再與后幀圖像作幀差,在線檢測(cè)出運(yùn)動(dòng)障礙目標(biāo)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該方法僅依據(jù)圖像信息即可有效地檢測(cè)出農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人導(dǎo)航環(huán)境中存在的運(yùn)動(dòng)障礙目標(biāo)。

    Abstract:

    The robotic egomotion and the motion of moving obstacle were overlapped when an agricultural mobile robot need to detect the moving obstacle based on machine vision. So two images were taken from the mobile robot and the Harris feature points were extracted and matched. Then a bilinear model was applied to model the movement between the two images, and a least square optimization method was used to calculate the model parameters. A transformation matrix was obtained with this model to compensate the first image to eliminate the effect of the egomotion of the mobile robot. Finally, a frame difference between the compensated image and the second image was carried out to detect the moving obstacle in the environment. Experimental results showed that this algorithm could eliminate the image movement caused by the egomotion of the mobile robot, and the moving obstacles were able to be detected effectively with machine vision for the agricultural mobile robot.

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周俊,程嘉煜.基于機(jī)器視覺的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人運(yùn)動(dòng)障礙目標(biāo)檢測(cè)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2011,42(8):154-158. Zhou Jun, Cheng Jiayu. Moving Obstacle Detection Based on Machine Vision for Agricultural Mobile Robot[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(8):154-158.

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