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虧缺灌溉對成齡庫爾勒香梨產(chǎn)量與根系生長的影響
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國家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2007BAD38B00);國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(50879087)


Yield and Root Growth of Mature Korla Fragrant Pear Tree under Deficit Irrigation
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    摘要:

    研究了虧缺灌溉對成齡庫爾勒香梨樹營養(yǎng)生長、果實(shí)生長與吸收根系分布的影響。香梨的生育中期,設(shè)計(jì)了4種土壤水分虧缺(灌前土壤水勢下限):輕度脅迫(-100kPa)、中度脅迫(-200kPa)、重度脅迫(-300kPa)和對照(-50kPa)。灌溉系統(tǒng)為地表滴灌。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,虧缺灌溉顯著地減少了夏季剪枝量,提高了果實(shí)產(chǎn)量。充分灌溉條件下,香梨樹根長密度從樹行由內(nèi)向外呈遞減趨勢,滴灌促進(jìn)了濕潤體內(nèi)的吸收根系的發(fā)育;距樹行0.5m,根長密度隨著深度的增加而減少;距樹行1m至1.5m,根長密度隨著深度的增加而增加;距樹行2m的非灌溉區(qū),根長密度在垂直方向上變化不顯著。為適應(yīng)滴灌濕潤體內(nèi)水分脅迫,香梨樹在濕潤體內(nèi)及非灌溉區(qū)的吸收根系的分布均發(fā)生了顯著的調(diào)整。適度水分脅迫下的根長密度增加對香梨產(chǎn)量有促進(jìn)作用。

    Abstract:

    The experiment included four levels of the soil water deficit (threshold of soil water potential before irrigation) applied in the middle period of fragrant pear growth: slight (-100kPa), moderate (-200kPa),severe (-300kPa) water stress and the control (-50kPa). The irrigation system was surface drip irrigation. The results indicated that the water stress irrigation significantly reduced the summer pruning weight, improved the yield. Under full irrigation, the root length density (RLD) decreased with the increment of distance from the tree row, and root development in the wetted zone of drip irrigated pear tree was enhanced. The RLD at 0.5m from the tree row decreased with the depth; however, the RLD in the range from 1m to 1.5m from the tree row increased with the depth; in the non-irrigated zone at 2m from the tree row, the differences of RLD among the depths were not obvious. The RLD in the wetted and non-irrigated zone adjusted significantly due to the water stress in the wetted zone, as compared to the control. Increase of RLD due to the moderate soil water deficit showed some positive effects to the yield improvement.

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武陽,王偉,黃興法,任德新,蘇柳蕓,劉正華.虧缺灌溉對成齡庫爾勒香梨產(chǎn)量與根系生長的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2012,43(9):78-84. Wu Yang, Wang Wei, Huang Xingfa, Ren Dexin, Su Liuyun, Liu Zhenghua. Yield and Root Growth of Mature Korla Fragrant Pear Tree under Deficit Irrigation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(9):78-84.

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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2012-09-04
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