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冷藏車(chē)降溫?cái)?shù)學(xué)模型建立與影響因素分析
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51008087、71172077)和韶關(guān)市科技計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2011CX/K14)


Establishment of Cooling Mathematical Model and Analysis of Influence Factors for Refrigerated Trucks
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    摘要:

    基于動(dòng)態(tài)熱平衡理論,建立了冷藏車(chē)廂內(nèi)溫度隨時(shí)間變化的降溫?cái)?shù)學(xué)模型,并對(duì)所建模型進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,進(jìn)而分析了冷藏運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中相關(guān)參數(shù)對(duì)降溫性能的影響。研究結(jié)果表明:冷藏車(chē)廂制冷降溫過(guò)程中,車(chē)廂內(nèi)的溫度隨時(shí)間的變化呈指數(shù)規(guī)律下降;車(chē)廂體隔熱材料厚度減小、制冷機(jī)組制冷量減小,或車(chē)廂體隔熱材料熱導(dǎo)率增大、車(chē)廂外表面對(duì)太陽(yáng)輻射的吸收系數(shù)增大、車(chē)速加大、車(chē)廂漏氣倍數(shù)增大、貨物呼吸熱增大等均會(huì)導(dǎo)致車(chē)廂內(nèi)降溫所需時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),反之,車(chē)廂內(nèi)降溫所需時(shí)間將縮短,且以車(chē)廂體隔熱材料的熱導(dǎo)率、制冷機(jī)組制冷量、運(yùn)輸貨物產(chǎn)生的呼吸熱對(duì)冷藏車(chē)降溫所需時(shí)間影響最大;當(dāng)車(chē)廂體隔熱材料熱導(dǎo)率每增加0.001W/(m·K)時(shí),等同需要將車(chē)廂體隔熱材料增加5 mm厚度;當(dāng)車(chē)速在0~40 km/h內(nèi)任意車(chē)速條件下行駛時(shí),降溫所需時(shí)間變化不大,而當(dāng)車(chē)速在40~80 km/h范圍內(nèi)不同車(chē)速條件下行駛時(shí),隨著車(chē)速的提高降溫所需時(shí)間將明顯延長(zhǎng);車(chē)廂內(nèi)空氣流速對(duì)車(chē)廂內(nèi)空氣的降溫快慢幾乎沒(méi)有影響。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve and enhance the cooling performance of the refrigerated trucks, a mathematical model of cooling process was established in a refrigerated compartment based on dynamic thermal equilibrium theory, by considering heat transfer of the external sol-air temperature through the compartment structure, air and water vapor leakage, and respiratory heat of goods within the refrigerated compartment. The correctness of mathematical model was proved by test. The test results showed that the air temperature decreased exponentially with time during the cooling process of air in refrigerated compartment. The cooling time increased when the thickness of compartment insulation material or cooling capacity of refrigeration system was reduced, or the thermal conductivity of compartment insulation material, solar radiation absorption coefficient of the compartment external surface, vehicle speed, leakage ratio of the compartment, respiratory heat of goods were increased. On the contrary, cooling time would decrease. The thermal conductivity of compartment insulation material, cooling capacity of refrigeration system, and respiratory heat of goods were thought to be the most influential factors. Besides, when the thermal conductivity increased 0.001 W/(m·K), the thickness of compartment insulation material would be required to increase 5 mm on the insulation capacity. The cooling time kept basically unchanged when vehicle speed in the range of 0~40km/h. However, the cooling time would be significantly extended along with the vehicle speed increase in the range of 40~80 km/h. The cooling time was not influenced by the air velocity within refrigerated compartment. 

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李錦,謝如鶴,劉廣海,呂寧,陳遙烽.冷藏車(chē)降溫?cái)?shù)學(xué)模型建立與影響因素分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2013,44(6):175-182. Li Jin, Xie Ruhe, Liu Guanghai, Lü Ning, Chen Yaofeng. Establishment of Cooling Mathematical Model and Analysis of Influence Factors for Refrigerated Trucks[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(6):175-182.

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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2013-05-28
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