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葉片數(shù)對(duì)高比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)軸流泵空化特性的影響
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51109093、51079063)、江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(BK2011503)、中國(guó)博士后基金特別資助項(xiàng)目(2012T50468)和江蘇高校優(yōu)勢(shì)學(xué)科建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目


Effects of Number of Blades on Cavitation of High Specific Speed Axial Flow Pump
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    摘要:

    基于shear stress transport(SST)k-ω湍流模型和Zwart空化模型,針對(duì)某一高比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)軸流泵模型,對(duì)葉片數(shù)分別為3、4和5的3組葉輪方案,分別進(jìn)行了空化流場(chǎng)模擬和實(shí)驗(yàn),計(jì)算了不同葉片數(shù)下的流量-揚(yáng)程曲線、流量-效率曲線和空化性能曲線,得到了3組葉輪的臨界空化余量NPSHc分別為6.19m、5.122m和4.765m。與葉片數(shù)為3的葉輪方案對(duì)比,另外2組葉片數(shù)方案的NPSH值分別降低了17.25%和23.02%。在空化充分發(fā)展的工況范圍,發(fā)現(xiàn)葉片數(shù)多的葉輪的揚(yáng)程對(duì)NPSH降低較敏感;針對(duì)軸流泵葉片背面的固定空化和葉頂間隙的旋渦空化,用空泡分布來(lái)表征空化的程度,分析了其在不同空化余量下空泡分布的變化規(guī)律。通過(guò)對(duì)比得到,相同NPSH下,葉片數(shù)Z=5的葉輪,葉片背面空泡分布體積較少,即空化的程度較低;但其空化嚴(yán)重區(qū)的空泡體積增幅較大,即空化發(fā)展的速度較快;葉頂區(qū)域的葉頂渦誘導(dǎo)的低壓區(qū)隨葉片數(shù)減少,范圍逐漸向上游擴(kuò)大,輪緣的空泡體積也隨之增大,葉頂泄漏空化更加嚴(yán)重。即葉片數(shù)對(duì)不同類型空化情況,以及相同類型的不同程度的空化情況影響不同。

    Abstract:

    Based on turbulence model of shear stress transport(SST) k-ω, homogeneous multiphase model, and Zwart cavitation model, numerical simulations for high specific speed axial flow pumps with three difference blade number impellers were conducted. External characteristic curves and head performances of cavitation were obtained. Through the analysis, critical NPSHc of three impellers, whose blade number were 3, 4, 5, was respectively 6.19m, 5.122m and 4.765m. In severe cavitation area, the more blades the impeller had, the faster head declined with NPSH reducing. Aiming at the two cavitation type in axial flow pump: fixed cavitation on suction side and vortex cavitation in tip region, the cavitating distribution rule in different NPSH value was found. Compared among three impellers, in the same NPSH, the five blades impeller got smaller cavitating distribution on suction side, which meant lower cavitation degree. However, this impeller would get a sharp head decline when it came to severe cavitation area. Low pressure zone caused by tip leakage vortex moved and expanded to upstream with the decreasing number of impeller blades. Moreover, cavitating volume in the impeller with smaller blade number was larger than the others, and it indicated that this impeller’s cavitation degree was severer than others. So the effect of blades number on different cavitation types and different NPSH was not the same.

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施衛(wèi)東,吳蘇青,張德勝,姚 捷,張光建.葉片數(shù)對(duì)高比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)軸流泵空化特性的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2013,44(11):72-77. Shi Weidong, Wu Suqing, Zhang Desheng, Yao Jie, Zhang Guangjian. Effects of Number of Blades on Cavitation of High Specific Speed Axial Flow Pump[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(11):72-77.

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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2013-11-07
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