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浸種預(yù)處理對(duì)油菜籽氣力精量排種性能的影響
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51275197);“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2013BAD08B02);中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金資助項(xiàng)目(2013PY125)


Effects of Seed Pre-soaking on Sowing Performance by Pneumatic Precision Metering Device for Rapeseed
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)油菜種子浸種處理與機(jī)械化播種的農(nóng)機(jī)農(nóng)藝適應(yīng)性問題,進(jìn)行了冷水浸種、溫水浸種等預(yù)處理方式對(duì)油菜籽氣力精量排種性能影響的試驗(yàn)研究。試驗(yàn)表明,種子浸泡處理后機(jī)械物理特性發(fā)生明顯變化,千粒質(zhì)量增加、籽粒飽滿、種皮變軟,彈性模量下降約40%,壓縮破壞變形增加約20%,最大破壞載荷下降約10%;排種器轉(zhuǎn)速小于36r/min時(shí),不同浸種預(yù)處理的油菜籽的排種合格指數(shù)均大于95%,漏播指數(shù)小于4%;浸泡處理的籽粒力學(xué)特性有所下降,但氣力式排種對(duì)籽粒的破損率為零,種子的發(fā)芽能力也未被破壞。研究結(jié)果表明,正、負(fù)氣壓組合式排種技術(shù)適用于實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中浸種處理的油菜機(jī)械化精量播種。

    Abstract:

    Metering performances in a pneumatic seeder of rapeseed processed with different pre-soaking methods, including pre soaking in warm water, cold water and without pre-soaking, were investigated to estimate whether sowing mechanization could be applied into the seeds qualified to agronomic requirement of pre-soaking. The results indicated that mechanical and physical properties of rapeseed had obvious change after soaking, which could be characterized by softened seed coat and increased 1000-grain weight and plumpness. Additionally, residual modulus degraded by 40%, the cracking load decreased by 10% and the cracking deformation aggrandized by 20%. When the rotational speed of seeder was slower than 36r/min, the sowing-performance as the quality of feed index for the three kinds of seed were more than 95%, while the miss index were less than 4%. Although the mechanical properties appeared degraded, the seeder never destructed the appearance and germinating ability of seeds. The results of the research concluded that rapeseed under pre-soaking would suitable for sowing mechanization with the pneumatic metering technology employed both positive and negative pressure.

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廖宜濤,黃海東,李旭,余佳佳,顏秋艷,廖慶喜.浸種預(yù)處理對(duì)油菜籽氣力精量排種性能的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2013,44(Supp1):72-76. Liao Yitao, Huang Haidong, Li Xu, Yu Jiajia, Yan Qiuyan, Liao Qingxi. Effects of Seed Pre-soaking on Sowing Performance by Pneumatic Precision Metering Device for Rapeseed[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(Supp1):72-76.

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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2013-10-22
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