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離心泵空化流動數(shù)值計算
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃資助項目(2011BAF14B01)、江蘇高校優(yōu)勢學(xué)科建設(shè)工程資助項目和江蘇省研究生培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新工程資助項目(CXLX13_662)


Numerical Calculation of Cavitation Flow in a Centrifugal Pump
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    摘要:

    為了研究離心泵內(nèi)部復(fù)雜的三維空化特性,采用改進的空化模型和湍流模型中的Standard k-ε模型和修正的RNG k-ε模型,對離心泵內(nèi)部有、無空化流動進行了計算和分析,得到了設(shè)計工況下初生空化、發(fā)展空化和嚴(yán)重空化時葉片吸力面和壓力面上的壓力,并與無空化做了對比,提出了空化初生判定準(zhǔn)則,系統(tǒng)劃定了離心泵的空化區(qū)域。結(jié)果表明,隨著進口壓力的降低,空泡首先出現(xiàn)在葉片進口的吸力面,然后沿著葉片型線運動,形成附著空泡,進而空泡尾跡脫離主流,偏向壓力面,堵塞部分流道,最終占據(jù)全部流道,使液流斷裂;設(shè)計工況下初生空化數(shù)(σ=0.3067)和嚴(yán)重空化數(shù)(σ=0.0281)相差一個數(shù)量級;從葉輪子午面上看,空泡首先在靠近后蓋板處出現(xiàn),逐步向前蓋板運動,并附著在前蓋板圓弧附近;離心泵空化細分為初生空化、臨界空化、發(fā)展空化、完全空化、斷裂空化5個空化過程。

    Abstract:

    The paper aims to deal with the numerical simulation of cavitation phenomena inside the centrifugal pump and analyze the development of cavitation based on improved cavitation model, Standard k-ε and RNG k-ε turbulence model. When cavitation flow and non cavitation flow were simulated and analyzed, the pressure of blades under incipient cavitation, developed cavitation and serious cavitation were gotten. The paper also gave the principle of incipient cavitation and divided the region into five cavitation regions based on bubble relative length. The results show that with the decreasing of inlet total pressure, bubble appears firstly in suction surface of the blade, and then moves along the blade profile, and next forms attached cavitation bubble. After this stage, bubble is gradually out of the mainstream movement and close to the pressure surface. Finally, the flow passage is filled with bubble, which hinders the flow. The number σ=0.3067 of incipient cavitation is a greater dimension hierarchy than that of σ=0.0281 under design condition. Seen from the impeller meridian plane, bubble appears firstly in the near the hub, goes towards forward cover plate, and attaches near the front cover. Cavitation in centrifugal pump is subdivided again into the five stages, that are incipient cavitation, critical cavitation, developing cavitation , complete cavitation, broken cavitation.

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王維軍,王 洋,劉瑞華,黎義斌,印 剛,李貴東.離心泵空化流動數(shù)值計算[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2014,45(3):37-44. Wang Weijun, Wang Yang, Liu Ruihua, Li Yibin, Yin Gang, Li Guidong. Numerical Calculation of Cavitation Flow in a Centrifugal Pump[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(3):37-44.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-04-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-03-10
  • 出版日期: 2014-02-10