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黃土高原西部不同集雨保水措施下土壤水分變異特征
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“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2011BAC07B04)


Variation of Soil Moisture under Different Rainwater Harvesting and Conservation Practices in the Western Part of Loess Plateau
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    摘要:

    選擇黃土高原西部丘陵區(qū)典型生態(tài)恢復(fù)區(qū)域,采用中子儀測(cè)定研究了不同集雨保水措施下油松林土壤水分變化,明確了不同措施下土壤水分動(dòng)態(tài)特征和雨季前后土壤水分的虧缺與補(bǔ)償情況。結(jié)果表明:不同集雨保水措施下土壤儲(chǔ)水量差異明顯。坡面覆膜集雨措施下各個(gè)土層土壤含水率均大于其他措施下土壤含水率。7月份各措施下土壤儲(chǔ)水虧缺均有不同程度的緩解,坡面覆膜集雨、坡面覆膜集雨與集水槽結(jié)合2種措施下0~100cm土層土壤儲(chǔ)水虧缺狀態(tài)得到有效緩解。坡面覆膜集雨措施對(duì)于有效利用降水有顯著作用;樹(shù)穴覆膜對(duì)于表層土壤水分的恢復(fù)有負(fù)面影響,但對(duì)深層土壤保水作用明顯;燕尾式聚流坑對(duì)提高降水利用率和緩解土壤儲(chǔ)水虧缺狀態(tài)效果不佳。

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    The ecological restoration area in the west part hill area of the Loess Plateau was chosen for the object in this work. Neutron probe was used to test the moisture change in Pinus tabulaeformis forest soil under different rainwater harvesting and water conservation measures. The dynamic characteristics of soil moisture under different rainwater harvesting and water conservation measures, the deficit and compensation of soil moisture before and after rainy season were analyzed. Results show that soil moisture storage capacity under different rainwater harvesting and water conservation measures is significant different. The soil moisture under slope water harvesting measure is greater than those with other measures.The soil water storage deficit is alleviated under seven measures in July. Soil water storage deficit from 0~100cm is alleviated under slope water-harvesting and slope water-harvesting with water harvesting groove reversed. Results of this study indicate that slope water-harvesting has a significant effect on the effective use of precipitation. Film mulches mulch has a negative impact on the recovery of the surface soil moisture,but has an obvious effect on water conservation of deep soil moisture.Wallow-tail type runoff collecting pit is ineffective in increasing the efficiency of precipitation use and compensation of soil water storage deficit.

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李小英,段爭(zhēng)虎,劉理臣,譚明亮,陳小紅.黃土高原西部不同集雨保水措施下土壤水分變異特征[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(3):118-123. Li Xiaoying, Duan Zhenghu, Liu Lichen, Tan Mingliang, Chen Xiaohong. Variation of Soil Moisture under Different Rainwater Harvesting and Conservation Practices in the Western Part of Loess Plateau[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(3):118-123.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-02-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-03-10
  • 出版日期: 2014-02-10