T2>T3的趨勢,而在非滴灌主要濕潤區(qū)則正好相反;累積根系分布曲線分析顯示隨著土壤含水率增加根系向土壤下層生長,隨著生育期推進(jìn)根系向作物中間發(fā)展。立體種植農(nóng)田作物在不同生育期根系分布變化明顯,同時(shí)土壤水分對根系分布影響較大。"/>

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立體種植農(nóng)田不同生育期及土壤水分的根系分布特征
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國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51109105、51349003)、“十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2011BAD29B03)、內(nèi)蒙古高等學(xué)?!扒嗄昕萍加⒉胖С钟?jì)劃” 資助項(xiàng)目和中國博士后科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(2011M500547、2012T50250)


Root Distribution in Strip Intercropping Field under Different Growth Period and Different Soil Water
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    摘要:

    在立體種植農(nóng)田中,作物根系分布是影響作物間水肥競爭及利用效率的首要因素。針對滴灌條件下番茄套種玉米立體種植農(nóng)田設(shè)置高(T1)、中(T2)、低(T3)3個(gè)土壤水分處理,研究不同水分處理對立體種植農(nóng)田不同位置土壤含水率、作物根系分布的影響,探討立體種植農(nóng)田根系在不同生育期生長發(fā)育特征。結(jié)果顯示:立體種植農(nóng)田番茄側(cè)土壤含水率平均值顯著低于玉米側(cè),膜內(nèi)土壤含水率明顯高于膜外土壤含水率,膜內(nèi)不同位置土壤含水率無明顯差異;隨著生育期的推進(jìn)作物間根系呈“不交叉—輕度交叉—完全交叉—輕度交叉”規(guī)律;隨著土壤含水率的增加根系總量呈增長趨勢,在0~30cm的滴灌濕潤區(qū),作物根系分布最密集,約占總根系的60%~70%,且高水分處理根量顯著大于低水分處理,根長密度、根表面積密度、根體積密度以及根重密度均呈現(xiàn)T1>T2>T3的趨勢,而在非滴灌主要濕潤區(qū)則正好相反;累積根系分布曲線分析顯示隨著土壤含水率增加根系向土壤下層生長,隨著生育期推進(jìn)根系向作物中間發(fā)展。立體種植農(nóng)田作物在不同生育期根系分布變化明顯,同時(shí)土壤水分對根系分布影響較大。

    Abstract:

    It is the primary factor to influence the completion and utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer for the root distribution in strip intercropping field. The effects of 3 treatments of high, middle and low irrigation quotas on soil water of different positions and root distribution were studied, and the characteristics of root distribution in different growth period were investigated, as well as the pattern of root distribution in vertical and horizontal direction based on cumulative root distribution curves. The results show that the average soil water in tomato side is obviously higher than corn side, and the soil water under mulch is also obviously higher than that under outside mulch; however, there is no significant difference for the soil water of different positions under mulch. With crop growth, there are the pattern of “no cross—small cross—full cross—small cross” for roots of tomato and corn; 60%~70% root concentrates in 0~30cm soil, and the quantity of total roots and the roots in 0~30cm soil are all increasing with the soil water, whatever root length density, root surface area density, root volume density and root weight density, yet there is the inverse for root distribution in 40~100cm soil. The cumulative root distribution curves show that the root grows down with the soil water increase and the root grows to the district among crops with crop growth except for corn in the last stage. The root distribution is large variation in different growth periods, and the soil water is also main factor to influence root distribution in strip intercropping field.

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李仙岳,史海濱,龔雪文,彭遵遠(yuǎn),李 禎,閆建文.立體種植農(nóng)田不同生育期及土壤水分的根系分布特征[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(3):140-147. Li Xianyue, Shi Haibin, Gong Xuewen, Peng Zunyuan, Li Zhen, Yan Jianwen. Root Distribution in Strip Intercropping Field under Different Growth Period and Different Soil Water[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(3):140-147.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-03-31
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-03-10
  • 出版日期: 2014-02-10