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化學(xué)集成調(diào)控技術(shù)對(duì)土壤水氮與玉米產(chǎn)量的影響
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51379210)


Effects of Chemical Integrated Control Technology on Soil Water, Soil Nitrogen and Maize Yield
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    摘要:

    以北京密云雨養(yǎng)型玉米為研究對(duì)象,聯(lián)合采用土壤表土改良劑(PAM)、土壤保水劑(SAP)和葉面抗蒸騰劑(FA)3種典型化學(xué)制劑進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用,研究了化學(xué)集成調(diào)控技術(shù)對(duì)土壤含水率、氮素含量及玉米產(chǎn)量的影響效應(yīng),探索了玉米產(chǎn)量最優(yōu)的化學(xué)調(diào)控集成應(yīng)用模式。結(jié)果表明,3種化學(xué)制劑對(duì)土壤含水率、氮素含量和玉米產(chǎn)量的影響效應(yīng)不一致,PAM、SAP對(duì)土壤水分和速效氮影響顯著,而PAM、SAP和FA則共同對(duì)土壤全氮、玉米產(chǎn)量產(chǎn)生顯著影響;在本試驗(yàn)條件下,F(xiàn)A 400倍液、SAP 90 kg/hm2的化學(xué)集成調(diào)控處理配合 270 kg/hm2尿素施用量可以得到最大玉米產(chǎn)量, 同時(shí)玉米生育期內(nèi)土壤速效氮質(zhì)量比和平均含水率均為最高,分別為45.44 mg/kg和0.12,有利于作物對(duì)水肥的吸收利用,其最大玉米產(chǎn)量1.30kg/m2相較于未施加化控制劑的對(duì)照組,增產(chǎn)可達(dá)21%。

    Abstract:

    The rain-fed maize was selected as the research object. Three typical chemical agents(Polyacrylamide, Superabsorbent polymer and Fulvic acid) were combined to apply on maize production. The effects of chemical integrated control technology on the soil water, nitrogen and maize yield were researched, and the optimal chemical integrated application pattern was explored. The results indicated that the effect of three chemical agents on soil water, nitrogen and maize yield was inconsistent. PAM and SAP had significant effect on soil water and available nitrogen, while PAM, SAP and FA were combined to have effect on total nitrogen and maize yield. The largest maize yield was gotten with FA 400 times liquid and SAP 90 kg/hm2 with 270 kg/hm2 urea application, meanwhile, the available nitrogen and average soil water were 5.44 mg/kg and 0.12 respectively, which were bigger than any other experimental treatment. The higher soil water and available nitrogen were beneficial for plant to uptake water and nitrogen. Compared with the treatment without chemical agents, the maximize improvement for maize yield could be able to 21% after chemical integrated control technology application. 

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廖人寬,張志成,任樹梅,程闖勝,楊培嶺.化學(xué)集成調(diào)控技術(shù)對(duì)土壤水氮與玉米產(chǎn)量的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(6):166-171. Liao Renkuan, Zhang Zhicheng, Ren Shumei, Cheng Chuangsheng, Yang Peiling. Effects of Chemical Integrated Control Technology on Soil Water, Soil Nitrogen and Maize Yield[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(6):166-171.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-08-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-06-10
  • 出版日期: 2014-06-10