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人工模擬降雨系統(tǒng)噴頭噴灑雨滴特性測試
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新世紀優(yōu)秀人才支持計劃資助項目(NCET—12—0473)、“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃資助項目(2011BAD29B08)和高等學校學科創(chuàng)新引智計劃(111計劃)資助項目(B12007)


Raindrop Characteristics of Sprinklers for Artificial Rainfall System
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    摘要:

    利用2D視頻雨滴譜儀,對噴頭噴灑的雨滴形狀、尺寸分布、平均直徑和垂直降落速度等進行準確測量,分析了噴嘴直徑、工作壓力對雨滴平均直徑變化趨勢的影響,建立了雨滴平均直徑與垂直降落速度間的關(guān)系模型。結(jié)果表明:人工模擬降雨系統(tǒng)下噴頭噴灑雨滴的直徑范圍在0~3mm;在相同噴嘴直徑下,隨著工作壓力的增大,雨滴平均直徑呈下降趨勢;在工作壓力不變的條件下,隨著噴嘴直徑的增大,雨滴平均直徑會隨之增大;通過雨滴平均直徑與垂直下落速度間的關(guān)系模型,能夠較好地預測雨滴的降落速度。

    Abstract:

    In the water-saving irrigation, the characteristics of sprinklered raindrops is an important standard of nozzles hydraulic performance. The paraments which can reflect the characteristics of raindrops mainly contain drop diameter, drop size distribution, drop velocity and raindrop kinetic energy, in all of this parameters, the raindrop diameter is the basis of other parameters studies. This paper makes accurate measurements of drop view, drop size distribution, equi-volumetric diameter and vertical velocity of raindrops by using 2D-video-distrometer. It also analyses the trend on raindrop equi-volumetric diameter affected by nozzle size and working stress, and establishes a model based on the relationship of raindrop equi-volumetric diameter and the vertical velocity. The results show that the equi-volumetric diameter of artificial rainfall sprinklers raindrop is ranged from 0 to 3mm and when the working pressure increased, the equi-volumetric diameter of raindrops decreased as the sprinklers size is not changed; on the contrary, when the working pressure is changeless, the equi-volumetric diameter of raindrops increased as the sprinklers size increased. According to the relationship model of equi-volumetric diameter versus vertical velocity of raindrops, it can get of good prediction of the vertical velocity which may provide a fundamental basis for kinetic energy calculation and establishing the mathematical models of erosion forecasting.

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韓文霆,曹培,劉文帥.人工模擬降雨系統(tǒng)噴頭噴灑雨滴特性測試[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2014,45(12):56-61. Han Wenting, Cao Pei, Liu Wenshuai. Raindrop Characteristics of Sprinklers for Artificial Rainfall System[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(12):56-61.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-07-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-12-10
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