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黃土半干旱區(qū)棗林深層土壤水分消耗特征
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國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(31200343)、中國科學(xué)院“西部之光”資助項(xiàng)目(2013)、“十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2011BAD29B04)、西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)博士科研啟動(dòng)基金資助項(xiàng)目(2012)和西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)資助項(xiàng)目(2014)


Deep Soil Water Depletion Characteristic of Jujube Plantation in Loess Semiarid Region
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    摘要:

    黃土區(qū)人工經(jīng)濟(jì)林普遍出現(xiàn)利用性土壤干層,制約著植被的恢復(fù)與重建。為了準(zhǔn)確計(jì)算黃土半干旱區(qū)密植高產(chǎn)棗林(Ziziphus jujube Mill.)深層土壤(2m以下)水分消耗量,采用根鉆法(洛陽鏟)分層獲得從地表到細(xì)根分布最大深度范圍內(nèi)的土壤含水率。結(jié)果表明:棗林深層土壤水分消耗是一個(gè)逐漸加深、逐漸向下的過程。2、4、9和12a生棗林深層土壤水分消耗量分別為0、29.6、149.9和155.7mm,可再供水量分別為203.7、167.7、35.5和29.7mm;棗林生長第9年后,2~4m土層幾乎沒有可利用的水分,現(xiàn)有降水和滴灌已經(jīng)不能滿足棗樹的耗水需求,棗林吸收土壤水分有向深處延伸的趨勢。以降水入滲最大深度為上界、細(xì)根分布最大深度為下界計(jì)算的深層土壤水分消耗量,能更準(zhǔn)確地評(píng)估林地利用性土壤干層的程度和深度。

    Abstract:

    Soil dry layer has occurred widely in artificial economic forest in Loess region, which constrained vegetation restoration and reconstruction. In order to investigate deep soil depletion (below 2m) in densely planted jujube (Ziziphus jujube Mill.) orchard, soil coring method (Luoyang shovel) was used to get soil water content from surface to the maximum fine rooting depth at 0.2m soil interval. The results showed that root water uptake had a tendency to extend gradually deep, deep soil water depletion was 0, 29.6, 149.9 and 155.7mm in 2, 4, 9 and 12 year-old jujube plantation, deep soil water supply was 203.7, 167.7, 35.5 and 29.7mm, respectively, annual deep soil water depletion accounted for 0,2.3%,5.1% and 3.9% of annual soil water supply. There was almost no available water in 2~4m soil layer when the jujube plantation developed for 9 years. Jujube water requirement could not be met by the existing rainfall and drip irrigation amount. Soil dry layer extent and depth can be evaluated more accurately with the maximum rainfall infiltration depth and maximum fine rooting depth as upper and lower boundaries. Soil water content could be increased through water catchment, water conservation and water supplement, which played an important role in alleviating jujube plantation deep soil drying.

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劉曉麗,馬理輝,楊榮慧,吳普特,汪有科.黃土半干旱區(qū)棗林深層土壤水分消耗特征[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(12):139-145. Liu Xiaoli, Ma Lihui, Yang Ronghui, Wu Pute, Wang Youke. Deep Soil Water Depletion Characteristic of Jujube Plantation in Loess Semiarid Region[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(12):139-145.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-09-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-12-10
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