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再生水滴灌夏玉米配施不同氮肥對CO2和N2O排放的影響
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    夏玉米種植期間,設(shè)置淡水和再生水2種滴灌灌水水質(zhì),無肥、尿素、硫酸銨和緩釋肥4種施肥處理。研究不同水質(zhì)、不同氮肥對農(nóng)田土壤CO2、N2O排放和夏玉米產(chǎn)量的影響。結(jié)果表明:與淡水灌溉相比,再生水灌溉土壤CO2日平均排放通量平均降低12.44%,N2O日平均排放通量平均增加17.31%,但灌水水質(zhì)對CO2、N2O日平均排放通量沒有顯著影響(p>0.05);與不施肥處理相比,尿素、硫酸銨和緩釋肥處理CO2日平均排放通量分別平均增加18.67%、10.20%和2.76%,N2O日平均排放通量分別平均增加117.73%、220.21%和108.70%,施肥種類對CO2日平均排放通量沒有顯著性影響(p>0.05),但對N2O日平均排放通量影響顯著(p<0.05);與國家夏玉米生產(chǎn)試驗(yàn)產(chǎn)量相比,各施肥處理產(chǎn)量平均增加19.83%,而不施肥處理平均降低0.83%,但不同水質(zhì)、施肥處理對產(chǎn)量沒有顯著影響(p>0.05)。

    Abstract:

    During the growth period of summer maize, fresh water (F) and reclaimed water (R) are both used for drip irrigation with no fertilizer (CK), urea (U), ammonium sulfate (A) and slow-release urea (S). From the result of experiment, we can realize the impact of different water quality and different nitrogen fertilizers on CO2 and N2O emissions from the soil and the yield of summer maize. The result showed that the average daily emissions of CO2 flux from the soil irrigated by reclaimed water is reduced by an average of 12.44%, and the average daily emissions of N2O flux from the same soil was increased by an average of 17.31% compared with the soil irrigated by fresh water, From these data, we can know that the impact of irrigation water quality on the average daily emissions of CO2 and N2O is not significant (p>0.05). Compared with no fertilizer treatment, the average daily emissions of CO2 flux from the soil fertilized by urea, ammonium sulfate and slow-release fertilizer were respectively increased by an average of 18.67%, 10.20% and 2.76%, and the average daily emissions of N2O flux from the same soil were respectively increased by an average of 117.73%,220.21% and 108.70%. From these data, we can know that fertilizer types had an insignificant impact on the average daily emissions of CO2 flux, but it had an significant impact on the average daily emissions of N2O flux (p>0.05). Compared with the national yield of summer maize production, the yield of summer maize was increased by an average of 19.83% from the fertilized soil, and reduced by an average of 0.83% from the unfertilized soil. From these data, we can realize that the impact of different water qualities and fertilizers on summer maize yield was not significant (p>0.05). Under the premise of saving water and ensuring production, the research result plays a very important role in the study of different water qualities and fertilizers to reduce the emissions of CO2 and N2O.

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高大偉,任樹梅,楊培嶺,商放澤,馬 寧,石建國.再生水滴灌夏玉米配施不同氮肥對CO2和N2O排放的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(S1):168-174. Gao Dawei, Ren Shumei, Yang Peiling, Shang Fangze, Ma Ning, Shi Jianguo.[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(S1):168-174.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-06-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-11-15
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