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污灌農(nóng)田土壤-作物體系重金屬污染評(píng)價(jià)
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))專項(xiàng)資金資助項(xiàng)目(201203045)


Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil-Crop System on Sewage Irrigated Farmland
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    摘要:

    對(duì)陜西省西安市污灌區(qū)農(nóng)田土壤、小麥和蔬菜等農(nóng)作物樣品的Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn含量進(jìn)行了測(cè)定。結(jié)果表明,研究區(qū)土壤Cd、Pb平均值高于西安市和陜西省土壤背景值,Cu、Zn平均值高于陜西省土壤背景值。相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果顯示,土壤Cd和Pb呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,Zn與Cr、Cu分別呈顯著和極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系。結(jié)合主成分分析可知,土壤Cd和Pb主要受人為因素影響,Cr、Cu、Zn主要受成土母質(zhì)影響。潛在生態(tài)危害指數(shù)法和內(nèi)梅羅污染指數(shù)法的結(jié)果均表明污灌區(qū)農(nóng)田土壤Cd已達(dá)到最強(qiáng)污染級(jí)別。污灌區(qū)小麥樣品中Cr、Pb超標(biāo)率分別到達(dá)70.00%和80.00%,茄果類蔬菜Cd、Cr和Pb超標(biāo)率分別為66.67%、100%和66.67%,花菜類和葉菜類中Cd、Cr和Pb超標(biāo)率均為100%。建議污灌區(qū)盡量避免種植重金屬轉(zhuǎn)移系數(shù)高的花菜類和葉菜類蔬菜,并對(duì)含Cd污水經(jīng)過(guò)嚴(yán)格處理后再用于灌溉。

    Abstract:

    The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn in soil, wheat and vegetable samples from sewage irrigated farmland in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, were determined. Results indicated that average contents of Cd and Pb in the research area were higher than soil background values in Xi’an and Shaanxi Province, respectively, and the average contents of Cu and Zn were higher than soil background values in Shaanxi Province, respectively. Significantly positive correlation was found between Cd and Pb in soils, while highly significant positive correlation was found among Cr, Cu and Zn, respectively. The principal component analysis showed Cd and Pb in soils were associated with anthropogenic activities, whereas Cr, Cu and Zn were predominantly controlled by parent material. The quality of soils were evaluated with potential ecological risk index and Nemerow pollution index, however, both of the results showed that Cd was the major pollution element in soil. In the study areas, exceeding rates of Cr and Pb in wheat samples were up to 70.00% and 80.00%, respectively; exceeding rates of Cd, Cr, Pb in fruit vegetable samples were 66.67%,100% and 66.67%, respectively; and exceeding rates of Cd, Cr, Pb in flower and leaf vegetables samples were 100%. Therefore, it was suggested that farmers should avoid cultivating high transfer factor plants, such as flower and leaf vegetables, meanwhile, sewage with Cd must be purified strictly before irrigation.

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龐 妍,同延安,梁連友,吉普輝,唐希望.污灌農(nóng)田土壤-作物體系重金屬污染評(píng)價(jià)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2015,46(1):148-154. Pang Yan, Tong Yan’an, Liang Lianyou, Ji Puhui, Tang Xiwang. Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil-Crop System on Sewage Irrigated Farmland[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(1):148-154.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-09-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-01-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-01-10