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葉片數(shù)對離心泵小流量工況空化特性的影響
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國家自然科學基金資助項目(51239005、51349004)和江蘇省研究生創(chuàng)新計劃資助項目(CXLX11_0577)


Effect of Blade Numbers on Cavitating Flow of Centrifugal Pump under Low Flow Rates
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    為研究小流量下離心泵的空化特性,采用ANSYS CFX 14.5,基于k—ε湍流模型和Rayleigh—Plesset空化模型,以3種葉片數(shù)葉輪的IS50—65—160型離心泵為研究對象,對其內部空化流動分別進行了數(shù)值模擬。為了提高數(shù)值計算準確性,進行了網(wǎng)格無關性分析,且從泵空化性能、葉輪所受扭矩及軸向力分析了葉片數(shù)對泵小流量下空化特性的影響規(guī)律。研究結果表明:當葉片數(shù)從4增加至8時,離心泵揚程增加,但其效率變化較復雜。小流量工況下,隨著空化系數(shù)降低,各葉片數(shù)葉輪扭矩與泵揚程均不同步地發(fā)生陡降,且出現(xiàn)相似地匍匐下降規(guī)律;當揚程下降3%后,各葉輪所受軸向力的大小幾乎恒定;單個葉片流道的空泡體積出現(xiàn)突增,明顯較其他葉片流道大,各葉片流道空泡分布極不對稱。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),離心泵揚程及扭矩匍匐下降特性很可能與不對稱葉片空化相關。

    Abstract:

    In order to investigate the cavitation characteristics of centrifugal pumps under low flow rates, the cavitating flows in the centrifugal pump typed IS50—65—160 with three different bladenumber impellers were numerically simulated based on the k—ε turbulent model combined with Rayleigh—Plesset cavitation model by using the software ANSYS CFX 14.5. Meanwhile, grid independence check was carried out to verify the accuracy of calculation. The effect of blade numbers on the cavitation characteristics in the pump was firstly analyzed from the points of suction performances, torque as well as axial forces acted on impellers. The results showed that as the blade number increased from 4 to 8, the pump head increased while the variable regulation of its efficiency was quite complicated. Both the head-drop and torque-drop curves of impellers with three different blade numbers had the same shape of creeping dropping, with the corresponding break-down points occurring asynchronously. The axial forces acted on impellers almost kept constant as the amount of head dropping was 3% or higher. The vapor volume in one blade was larger than others, and finally a significantly asymmetric distribution occurred on all blades. It was firstly obtained that the creeping-drop characteristics of both pump head and torque acted on the impellers were possibly related to onset of asymmetric blade cavitation phenomenon. Moreover, this study to some extent can also provide some reference for the design of centrifugal pump in the industry in case of avoiding serious cavitation occuring at low flow rates.

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付燕霞,袁壽其,袁建平,周幫倫,王鵬.葉片數(shù)對離心泵小流量工況空化特性的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2015,46(4):21-27. Fu Yanxia, Yuan Shouqi, Yuan Jianping, Zhou Banglun, Wang Peng. Effect of Blade Numbers on Cavitating Flow of Centrifugal Pump under Low Flow Rates[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(4):21-27.

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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-04-10
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