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黃土丘陵區(qū)紅棗經濟林根系分布與土壤水分關系研究
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃資助項目(2011BAD29B04)和林業(yè)公益性行業(yè)科研專項資助項目(201404709)


Root Distribution and Soil Water Dynamics of Jujube Plantations in Loess Hilly Regions
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    摘要:

    為明確半干旱黃土丘陵區(qū)不同年齡無灌溉旱作矮化修剪密植棗林的根系分布范圍與其土壤水分的空間關系,利用根鉆法測定棗林株間不同深度的根系分布、棗樹主干就近位置的根系量,并采用土鉆取土和中子儀定位測定結合了解不同年齡的棗林10m深度的土壤水分。結果表明:隨著樹齡增加,1、3、5、12a棗樹根系最大深度年平均增值在減小,12a棗林垂直根系達520cm。棗樹株間100cm處向下的根系深度較淺,棗林的垂直根系最大和最小值之差先增加后減小,12a棗林垂直根系之差只有180cm。研究區(qū)棗樹株間水平根系在棗林3a時開始交匯,棗樹水平根系延伸無法確定,所得到的水平方向根系實際是棗林多株樹匯集的根系。棗林垂直根系對土壤水分的垂直變化作用顯著,但矮化修剪密植棗林株間根系深度差異并沒有造成土壤水分因此而波動。隨著棗樹樹齡的增加根系深度和土壤水分干層均增加,0~2m土層的土壤水分年內變化幅度也增加,而且根層范圍的土壤水分隨著樹齡增加在降低,但是土壤干層深度稍大于測得的根系深度。

    Abstract:

    The spatial correlation between soil water content and root distribution in non-irrigation dense-dwarf jujube plantations was analyzed in semiarid hilly loess region of China. The soil coring method was used to sample roots at different depths within the 0~1000cm soil profile under different-aged jujube plants (1, 3, 5 and 12a). The results showed that the increment of average annual root depth decreased with the increase of jujube stand age. The maximum root depth of 12-year-old jujube was 520cm and the minimum root depth was 100 cm from the tree base, which was half-way between two trees planted 2 m apart. The difference between maximum and minimum root depths of 12-year-old jujube trees was 180 cm. Lateral roots started developing intersection networks after three years of planting. Soil water fluctuation was not induced by vertical root systems of dense-dwarf jujube plants. Root depth, dry soil layer depth and annual soil water variance within top 0~200 cm soil layer increased with increase of jujube stand age. However, root-zone soil water content decreased with increase of stand age, while dry soil layer depth was slightly larger than root depth. The results can provide vital technical support for jujube cultivation especially under semiarid conditions.

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衛(wèi)新東,汪星,汪有科,周玉紅,繆凌.黃土丘陵區(qū)紅棗經濟林根系分布與土壤水分關系研究[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2015,46(4):88-97. Wei Xindong, Wang Xing, Wang Youke, Zhou Yuhong, Miao Ling. Root Distribution and Soil Water Dynamics of Jujube Plantations in Loess Hilly Regions[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(4):88-97.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-02-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-04-10
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