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破損青黃貯裹包飼料內(nèi)部溫度動(dòng)態(tài)研究
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中德合作科研資助項(xiàng)目(GZ888)和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金資助項(xiàng)目


Temperature Dynamics in Bale Silage with Damaged Cover
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    摘要:

    為了實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)青黃貯裹包飼料有氧變質(zhì)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)測(cè),針對(duì)破損青黃貯裹包飼料內(nèi)部溫度變化問題,以青黃貯黑麥草及青黃貯苜蓿為對(duì)象展開了研究。設(shè)計(jì)了特定的貫入儀,在不引入空氣的情況下將溫度傳感器植入裹包飼料內(nèi),實(shí)現(xiàn)了監(jiān)測(cè)裹包內(nèi)特定位置溫度變化的可操作化。采用兩種方案分別對(duì)黑麥草裹包飼料與苜蓿裹包飼料內(nèi)特定位置的溫度進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè),發(fā)現(xiàn)在裹包破損后,距離裹包破損口越近的飼料發(fā)生溫升越早;對(duì)裹包內(nèi)上部與下部相對(duì)應(yīng)的溫度檢測(cè)值進(jìn)行配對(duì)t檢驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,破損裹包內(nèi)與破損口距離相等但分處在裹包上部與下部對(duì)稱的兩點(diǎn)溫升過程具有顯著差異;分別對(duì)不同干物質(zhì)含量的青黃貯苜蓿與黑麥草裹包飼料溫升曲線進(jìn)行對(duì)比,干物質(zhì)含量較高的青黃貯裹包飼料較干物質(zhì)含量低的溫升快。制定了裹包內(nèi)溫度場(chǎng)分布數(shù)據(jù)的獲取方案,并實(shí)現(xiàn)了溫度場(chǎng)的可視化。

    Abstract:

    The deterioration risk of bale silage is relatively high because of a high surface-area to volume ratio. Therefore, the damages of plastic covers of bales should receive particular attention since it may often occur during removing or transportation process. When bales are punctured, oxygen is allowed to permeate the silage and subsequently aerobic organisms flourish and metabolize the products of fermentation, and the temperature inside the bales will rise up again. So temperature is a key indicator when the material is noticed to be “heating” since while oxygen comes into contact with the silage. In order to forecast the risks of aerobic deterioration of silage, grass bale silage and alfalfa bale silage were selected as study objects. The method which used to embed temperature sensors into the bale to measure the temperature was proposed. The self-developed multi-sensor experimental system with a specific penetration shaft and cone (V-structure) was used. While the cone penetrated into bale, the thermal-couple sensor followed the cone into the bale. If the cone arrived at the place desired, the cone would extract but the thermal sensors would stay at the place. It can put the sensors into bale without introducing air followed. Two schemes measuring temperature changes in punctured bale were designed. The temperature of planned locations in bale was monitored. It was detected that the temperature of the silage which was closer from the damaged cover rose sooner. Paired t test was done between the corresponding values from the upper and the lower within bale silage. The test results showed that two temperature rising processes of upper and lower had a significant difference. By temperature curve comparison of the same silage materials with different dry matter contents, it was found that the temperature rising of silage with higher dry matter was faster. Furthermore, to measure the temperature field inside bale, a specific penetrometer was designed. It was fixed on the platform of measurement and controlled during temperature measurement. Based on the data of temperature distribution, the temperature distribution in bale silage could be visualized in 3D map. It is a powerful tool to analyze temperature distribution around the bale silage in multi-angle.

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程洪,孫宇瑞,Wolfgang Buescher,程強(qiáng).破損青黃貯裹包飼料內(nèi)部溫度動(dòng)態(tài)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2015,46(4):194-199. Cheng Hong, Sun Yurui, Wolfgang Buescher, Cheng Qiang. Temperature Dynamics in Bale Silage with Damaged Cover[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(4):194-199.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-11-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-04-10
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