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水稻氣力式排種器擋種裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計劃(863計劃)資助項目(2012AA10A501—2)、公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項資助項目(201203059)、國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(51105147)和廣東省自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(S2011010001948)


Design and Experiment of Shield Device on Rice Pneumatic Metering Device
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    摘要:

    借助高速攝影觀察發(fā)現(xiàn),水稻氣力式精量穴播排種器吸種盤上吸孔所吸附的種子會由于吸力不足,在離心力作用下,在到達投種區(qū)前從吸孔附近落下,從而產(chǎn)生“飛種”現(xiàn)象,進而對排種器排出的每穴種子數(shù)量以及成穴性產(chǎn)生影響,降低排種精度。為此,設(shè)計了一種擋種裝置,以含水率為21.1%的培雜泰豐種子為對象,采用多因素試驗的方法,研究了不同吸室負壓和不同排種盤轉(zhuǎn)速下,安裝擋種裝置前后對“飛種”現(xiàn)象的影響;采用單因素試驗的方法,研究了安裝擋種裝置后不同吸室負壓下,不同排種盤轉(zhuǎn)速對排種器吸種精度的影響。結(jié)果表明,安裝擋種裝置后,“飛種”出現(xiàn)范圍減小,“飛種”出現(xiàn)的數(shù)量減少,排種器排種精度與成穴性能提高;當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)速在25~40r/min,吸室負壓1.6kPa時,(1~3)粒/穴概率在93%~97%之間變化。試驗結(jié)果顯示安裝擋種裝置后能控制“飛種”的跌落范圍,并使部分“飛種”落回充種室內(nèi),從而提高排種器排種精度。

    Abstract:

    The seeds often suck on the sucking hole when the sucking plate rotates. The area between the sucked seeds and sucking hole is smaller than the area between the normal sucked seeds and sucking hole, which leaded to a shortage of suction. As the suction is less than a sum of external forces, sucked seeds will be separated from the seed sucking hole and do a parabolic movement with a particular velocity. This phenomenon is called “early dropping seeds”. To avoid this and increase the stability of seed sowing and the performance of hill formation of rice pneumatic metering device, a shield device was designed. Shield device was fixed on seed chamber shell through bolted connections. It was able to stop the seeds flying to the second half of sucking process after the parabolic movement drove by “early dropping seeds”. Indic hybrid peizataifeng was taken as research subjects, of which the water content was 21.1%. “Early dropping seeds” phenomenon was observed by means of high-speed photography technology, which enabled moving process of sucked seed to be clearly photographed. The probability of “early dropping seeds” was studied by using multi-factor experiment under different negative pressures for seeds sucked, rotation rates and shield device. Precision of seed metering was also counted, as shield devices were installed on the metering device. The experimental results showed the “early dropping seeds” phenomenon and precision of seed metering were improved with a shield device. The optimized condition was that the sucking plate rotation speeds of 25~40r/min and the negative pressure for seeds sucked of 1.6kPa. The probability of 1~3 seeds was 93%~97%. In the experiment, a shield device on the metering device could control the “early dropping seeds”, and improve the stability of seed sowing and the performance of hill formation.

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臧英,邢赫,王在滿,羅錫文,曹曉曼,王寶龍.水稻氣力式排種器擋種裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2015,46(5):33-38. Zang Ying, Xing He, Wang Zaiman, Luo Xiwen, Cao Xiaoman, Wang Baolong. Design and Experiment of Shield Device on Rice Pneumatic Metering Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(5):33-38.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-02-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-05-10
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