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大株距行星輪系蔬菜缽苗栽植機構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計與試驗
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國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計劃(863計劃)資助項目(2012AA10A504)、國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(51275481)、浙江理工大學(xué)“521人才培養(yǎng)計劃”資助項目和浙江理工大學(xué)科研創(chuàng)新團隊專項資助項目


Optimization Design and Test of Large Spacing Planetary Gear Train for Vegetable Pot-seedling Planting Mechanism
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    摘要:

    設(shè)計了一種能適應(yīng)大株距栽植的行星輪系蔬菜缽苗栽植機構(gòu),通過該機構(gòu)栽植嘴能將蔬菜缽苗植入土中。構(gòu)建了一種新型的非圓齒輪傳動比函數(shù),建立了機構(gòu)的運動學(xué)模型,推導(dǎo)了栽植嘴尖點的(角)位移、(角)速度方程?;赩isual Basic開發(fā)了計算機輔助分析與優(yōu)化軟件,分析了非圓齒輪中心距a、角位移系數(shù)k1和k2、行星架初始安裝角φ0、栽植嘴初始安裝角α0、中間齒輪初始安裝角γ0以及栽植嘴頂端到行星輪中心的距離S等重要參數(shù)對栽植軌跡的影響,通過人機交互方式優(yōu)化出一組能夠滿足蔬菜缽苗栽植工作要求的機構(gòu)參數(shù)(a=53mm、k1=0.23、k2=0.03、φ0=-58°、α0=-144°、γ0=144°、S=175mm)。根據(jù)優(yōu)化所得參數(shù)建立栽植機構(gòu)的三維模型并進行仿真分析,同時制作了栽植機構(gòu)的樣機進行田間植苗試驗。試驗了栽植嘴在不同時刻開啟和閉合對西蘭花缽苗栽植時直立度和成功率的影響,得出栽植嘴在其運動軌跡最低點上方10mm處張開為最佳開啟位置,缽苗直立度優(yōu)良率達85%,栽植效率可達100株/(min·行),栽植株距達到450mm,證明該機構(gòu)適用于蔬菜缽苗的大株距栽植。

    Abstract:

    Existing rotary planting mechanism perform is not well in planting large spacing vegetable pot-seedling (plants spacing above 450mm) in the practical transplanting work. A new planting mechanism with planetary gear train, which is suitable for planting pot-seedling with large plants spacing, was designed. By constructing a transmission ratio function of the non-circular gears and calculating the center coordinates of each parts, the kinematic model of the planting mechanism was established, including the equations of (angular) displacement, (angular) velocity for the end point of planting mouth. According to the established mathematical model, computeraided analysis and optimization software of the mechanism based on Visual Basic 6.0 was developed. Then through analyzing the planting trajectory, which was influenced by several key parameters including center distance of the non-circular gears, angular displacement coefficients, initial installation angle of the planetary carrier, the planting mouth and the middle non-circular gear, etc., and also using the human-computer conversation optimization method,a set of mechanism parameters were found to meet the requirements of vegetable pot-seedling planting.Based on the optimized parameters, 3D model was established and simulation analysis was proceeded. Then, physical prototype of the planting mechanism was made and field planting experiments were conducted. Land planting tests were carried out and the different opening and closing time of the planting mouth impacting on the upright degree and success rate of the planted vegetables potseedling were researched. It is proved that the best opening time is when the planting mouth arrives at 10mm distance above its lowest position, in this case, the rate of seedling perpendicularity reaches 85%, planting efficiency is 100 plants/(min· row) and plants spacing is 450mm. Thus the mechanism was verified suitable for large spacing planting of vegetable pot-seedling.

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俞高紅,廖振飄,徐樂輝,趙 朋,武傳宇.大株距行星輪系蔬菜缽苗栽植機構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2015,46(7):38-44. Yu Gaohong, Liao Zhenpiao, Xu Lehui, Zhao Peng, Wu Chuanyu. Optimization Design and Test of Large Spacing Planetary Gear Train for Vegetable Pot-seedling Planting Mechanism[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(7):38-44.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-02-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-07-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-07-10
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