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折射式噴頭噴灌強(qiáng)度及能量空間變化規(guī)律研究
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“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2011BAD29B02)、國(guó)家工程技術(shù)研究中心再建資助項(xiàng)目(2011FU125Z27-1)、高等學(xué)校學(xué)科創(chuàng)新引智計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(B12007)和國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金青年基金資助項(xiàng)目(51409244)


Spatial Variation of Application Rate and Droplet Kinetic Energy for Fixed Spray Plate Sprinkler
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    采用自計(jì)雨量筒、視頻雨滴譜儀(2DVD)測(cè)得不同工作壓力下Nelson D3000型藍(lán)色噴盤、噴嘴直徑4.76mm噴頭的噴灑水量、噴灌水滴落地速度及粒徑等指標(biāo),研究了不同壓力下該噴頭的水量、能量分布及其擴(kuò)散規(guī)律,建立了不同工況下水量峰值、能量峰值與工作壓力及噴灌高度的回歸關(guān)系式。結(jié)果表明:增大噴頭工作壓力、升高噴頭安裝高度均有利于水量及能量的擴(kuò)散;噴頭的安裝高度過(guò)低會(huì)導(dǎo)致較高的水量峰值和能量峰值,易產(chǎn)生地表徑流,0.5m高度水量峰值變化范圍為166.4~196.4mm/h,能量峰值變化范圍為0.607~0.821W/m2。噴頭水量峰值和能量峰值的計(jì)算式可為確定噴灌系統(tǒng)工作壓力和噴頭安裝高度提供參考依據(jù),避免因水量峰值和能量峰值過(guò)大而產(chǎn)生地表徑流。

    Abstract:

    Data logging rain gauges and two-dimensional video disdrometer (2DVD) were applied to measure its water application rate, droplet diameter and velocity in radial direction of Nelson D3000 blue spray plate sprinkler with 4.76mm nozzle. The equations of peak application, peak kinetic energy rate about working pressure and mounting height were regressed based on the diffusion of water application and kinetic energy under different working conditions. The result indicates that the diffusion of water application rate and droplet kinetic energy are facilitated by increasing the working pressure and mounting height. This is due to that the jet flow speed is higher when the operating pressure increased, and with the air turbulence enhanced, it is easy to smash. The water drops to pieces. At the same time, the duration of landing increased when the mounting height is high. That seems to have the same effect. The low nozzle height which presents high peak application and kinetic energy rate leads to the generation of runoff. The peak water application and droplet kinetic energy rate varied from 166.4mm/h to 196.4mm/h, and 0.607W/m2 to 0.821W/m2 , respectively. The equation of peak rate can be helpful to design the working pressure and mounting height in sprinkler systems to prevent high peak application rate and kinetic energy rate which leading to occurrence of runoff.

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張以升,朱德蘭,張 林,鞏興暉,楊 雯.折射式噴頭噴灌強(qiáng)度及能量空間變化規(guī)律研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2015,46(7):85-90. Zhang Yisheng, Zhu Delan, Zhang Lin, Gong Xinghui, Yang Wen. Spatial Variation of Application Rate and Droplet Kinetic Energy for Fixed Spray Plate Sprinkler[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(7):85-90.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-10-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-07-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-07-10
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