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水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖信息化關鍵技術研究現(xiàn)狀與趨勢
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項資金資助項目(201203017)和北京市校共建資助項目


Research Status and Development Trends of Information Technologies in Aquacultures
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    摘要:

    信息化技術已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代漁業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要支撐技術之一。為了展現(xiàn)、引導與促進其在水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖環(huán)節(jié)的應用水平,按照信息的屬性與尺度、養(yǎng)殖活動的流程與建模應用的層次,系統(tǒng)分析相關文獻,對信息獲取技術中知識挖掘、傳感網(wǎng)絡的辨識參數(shù)與其組織形式、遙感對區(qū)域水環(huán)境信息與養(yǎng)殖面積變化及其時空特征獲取與監(jiān)測的研究現(xiàn)狀進行了整理;并對比分析了水質預測與預警模型、水產(chǎn)病害診斷中知識表示模式與推理方法、水產(chǎn)行為的量化與分析方法、飼料配方及投飼決策模型的建立、質量追溯中感知內(nèi)容與平臺的構建以及養(yǎng)殖中的控制策略與方法。綜述結果表明,信息化技術正向水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)深層次擴散,逐漸實現(xiàn)對水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖信息的全面感知與決策支持;信息獲取技術由人工獲取向依靠感知網(wǎng)絡和遙感等數(shù)字化智能技術轉變;信息處理向專家系統(tǒng)、管理系統(tǒng)、決策支持系統(tǒng)、追溯系統(tǒng)和精細化控制系統(tǒng)等依托人工智能、信息融合和建模處理的智能化信息系統(tǒng)發(fā)展;信息化應用使養(yǎng)殖活動更加強調和注重信息化思維和管理決策與其運作效率、效益的相互適應、促進與優(yōu)化。

    Abstract:

    Informationization has become one of the essential emerging technologies,which supports the innovation and sustainable development of modern fishery. In order to promote the application level in aquaculture, the knowledge mining technology, parameter identification and organization forms of perception network, research status of acqusition and monitoring for information of regional water environment, and change of breeding area and its spatial and temporal characteristics were summarised according to the attributes and scale of the information,the flow of farming activities and the hierarchy of modeling and applications. And models of prediciton and early warning of water quality, methodologies of knowledge representation and inference in aquatic desease diagnosis, quantitative and analytic methods of aquatic products’ behaviors, establishments of nutrition formula and feeding decisionmaking system, perception contents and constructions of platform in traceability, and control strategies and methods in aquaculture system were analyzed and compared by systematically summarising and clarifing the literature. The results indicated that the aquaculture industry has been penetrated profoundly by information technologies for comprehensive perception and decision support; the information acquisiton has been transformed from artificial to digital intelligence, such as perception networks and remote sensing; information processing was developing towards the process of modeling: the expert systems, management systems, decision support systems, traceability systems and precision control systems, which were based on artificial intelligence, information fusion and intelligent information system; and the applications of information has also paid more attention to mutual adaptation, promotion and optimization between the thoughts of information and management and aquacultures’ operational efficiency and benefits.

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胡金有,王靖杰,張小栓,傅澤田.水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖信息化關鍵技術研究現(xiàn)狀與趨勢[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2015,46(7):251-263. Hu Jinyou, Wang Jingjie, Zhang Xiaoshuan, Fu Zetia. Research Status and Development Trends of Information Technologies in Aquacultures[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(7):251-263.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-05-07
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-07-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-07-10
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