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水田株間除草機械除草機理研究與關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃資助項目(2014BAD06B04)、黑龍江省博士后資助項目(LBH-Z13030)和黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)科研啟動基金資助項目(DXB2013-20)


Herbicidal Mechanism and Key Components Design for Paddy Weeding Device
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    摘要:

    針對現(xiàn)有水田株間除草機傷苗率高等問題,進(jìn)行機理分析和改進(jìn)設(shè)計,采用左、右2組彈齒盤對稱安裝,通過軟軸帶動除草彈齒盤旋轉(zhuǎn),完成除草功能。通過對除草關(guān)鍵部件彈齒盤的運動學(xué)和水田植物(水稻稻苗和稗草)的強度分析,建立了彈齒盤的運動學(xué)模型以及水田植物的受力模型、應(yīng)力模型。通過水田植物的應(yīng)力模型分析,建立了水田植物的強度條件,并根據(jù)水田植物(水稻稻苗和稗草)的物理特性、彈齒盤基本參數(shù),獲得了除草盤轉(zhuǎn)動角速度、彈齒數(shù)量的取值范圍,并通過室內(nèi)土槽試驗確定了彈齒盤轉(zhuǎn)動角速度為25.1rad/s、彈齒數(shù)量為5。通過田間性能檢測,結(jié)果表明,除草率為80%、傷苗率為4.5%,均達(dá)到了農(nóng)藝技術(shù)指標(biāo)的要求。

    Abstract:

    In the process of rice growth, the weeds will decrease the quality and yield of rice. At present, both herbicide and manual weed control have many shortages. Chemical weed control causes environmental pollution, reduces crop nutrition and increases weed drug resistance. Manual weed control is laborintensive, lowefficient and bounds labor. Mechanical weed control is helpful to protect environment and the high efficient will be an irresistible trend. In order to improve the weeding rate and reduce the damage rate of rice seedlings while weeding, the mechanism analysis and improvement of paddy field weeding device was were done. The weeding device was symmetrically installed on the two groups of spring tooth disc (left and right). The two groups of spring tooth disc rotated to complete the weeding by flexible shaft. According to kinematics analysis of the key components of spring tooth disc and the strength analysis of rice seedlings and barnyard grass, the kinematics model of spring tooth disc and stress model of paddy rice seedlings and barnyard grass were established. According to the stress analysis, the strength condition of rice seedlings and barnyard grass were presented. According to physical characteristics of rice seedlings and barnyard grass and the basic parameters of spring tooth disc, the variation range of rotating angular velocity and teeth number of spring tooth disc were obtained. Through various testing on the compaction device, the optimum working parameters of the compaction device were obtained. The test showed that rotating angular velocity was 25.1rad/s and teeth number was 5. Performance testing in field was carried out for the paddy weeding device. The results showed that weeding rate was 80% and injury rate was 4.5%. The weeding machine had good quality, and had met the agronomic technical requirements when rotating angular velocity was 25.1rad/s and teeth number was 5.

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陶桂香,王金武,周文琪,牛春亮,趙佳樂.水田株間除草機械除草機理研究與關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2015,46(11):57-63. Tao Guixiang, Wang Jinwu, Zhou Wenqi, Niu Chunliang, Zhao Jiale. Herbicidal Mechanism and Key Components Design for Paddy Weeding Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(11):57-63.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-01-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-11-10