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玉米秸稈超微粉碎與醇解液化研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(31271611、31201123)


Ultrafine Grinding and Alcolhol Liquefaction for Corn Stover
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    摘要:

    研究了超微粉碎技術(shù)對(duì)玉米秸稈結(jié)構(gòu)組成、物化性質(zhì)和醇解液化的影響。結(jié)果表明:隨著玉米秸稈粒徑的減小,4種粉體的堆積密度由0.11g/mL逐漸增大到0.41g/mL,比表面積增大了1.05m2/g,休止角和滑角也都不同程度增大。采用激光法和掃描電鏡分析可知,與普通粉碎相比超微粉碎能顯著減小顆粒粒徑,使得超微粉的平均粒徑達(dá)到15.54μm,由于團(tuán)聚現(xiàn)象,離散度增大,X射線衍射結(jié)果顯示超微粉碎破壞了玉米秸稈的晶體結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)晶度顯著減小,由44.72%減小到13.68%,表明超微粉碎能有效改善玉米秸稈的粉體性質(zhì)。用微波和油浴兩種加熱方式對(duì)玉米秸稈進(jìn)行液化,微波條件下,僅5min超微粉液化率已經(jīng)達(dá)到90.37%,而油浴需要近1h才能達(dá)到90%以上,說明微波是一種有效的加熱方式;常規(guī)油浴條件下,120min超微粉液化率達(dá)到95.30%,而小于0.25mm的普通粉液化率僅為84.83%,表明超微粉碎可通過增大比表面積和降低結(jié)晶度來提高醇解液化率。

    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of micronization on the physicochemical properties of corn stover. With the decrease of powders in four different particle sizes, the bulk density changed from 0.11g/mL to 0.41g/mL, the surface area increased to 1.05m2/g, and the angle of repose and slide of corn straw powder increased to varied degrees. Changes of the microstructure and physicochemical characteristics of different powders were assessed by using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Compared to general powders, with the agglomerates in ultrafine grinding powder and increased size distributions, the ultrafine grinding reduced the particle size and crystallinity of the wheat straw significantly, that means the ultrafine powder diameter was reduced to 15.54μm, and the crystallinity was reduced from 44.72% to 13.68%. Both of the microwave-assisted and general oil bath heating were carried out in alcolhol liquefaction. With the microwave heating, the liquefied yield of ultrafine powder was 90.37% within 5min, however it needed around 1h with oil bath heating, which indicated the effectivity of microwaves. With the general oil bath heating, the liquefied yield of ultrafine powder was 95.30% with in 120min, which was higher than that of common powder (<025mm). The results showed that ultrafine grinding technology could increase the liquefaction extent and rate. In addition, ultrafine grinding could impove liquefied yield by reducing the particle size and crystallinity of the corn stover.

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劉 歡,顧邢偉,王 雪,韓魯佳,肖衛(wèi)華.玉米秸稈超微粉碎與醇解液化研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2015,46(11):214-220. Liu Huan, Gu Xingwei, Wang Xue, Han Lujia, Xiao Weihua. Ultrafine Grinding and Alcolhol Liquefaction for Corn Stover[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(11):214-220.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-04-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-11-10