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改進(jìn)暗管排水結(jié)構(gòu)型式對(duì)排水性能的影響
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“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2012BAD08B00)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51279212)和中國(guó)水利水電科學(xué)研究院博士生學(xué)位論文創(chuàng)新研究項(xiàng)目


Effect of Structure-type on Improved Subsurface Drainage Performance
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    摘要:

    提出一種占用耕地少、排水流量較常規(guī)暗排大且環(huán)境友好的改進(jìn)暗排?;谑覂?nèi)土柱試驗(yàn),分析改進(jìn)暗排在地表積水、土體飽和條件下的排水除澇性能及其機(jī)理,提出地表積水土體飽和入滲條件下改進(jìn)暗排排水流量的理論計(jì)算公式。結(jié)果表明,改進(jìn)暗排可以有效提高暗管排水能力,試驗(yàn)條件下,反濾體寬度為2~6cm的改進(jìn)暗排在自由出流條件下的排水流量為常規(guī)暗排排水流量的2~3倍;積水層深度相同時(shí),改進(jìn)暗排排水性能隨反濾體寬度的增加而增大,但增幅逐漸減??;土體介質(zhì)和反濾體的滲透系數(shù)差別越大,改進(jìn)暗排的排水作用越明顯。理論方法計(jì)算結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果相吻合,證明提出的理論計(jì)算公式是合理可行的。

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    In China, there are large challenges for agricultural drainage system because of frequent flood and shortage of cultivated land, and new requirements are put forward to agricultural drainage system. Improved subsurface drainage was proposed which had characteristics of less cultivated land occupied, more environment friendly and larger drainage discharges than those of conventional subsurface drainage. Based on soil column experiment, the performance and mechanism of the improved subsurface drainage were analyzed under conditions of soil saturation and stable ponding surface water, which considered different soil textures, outflow conditions and ponding depths. Furthermore, a theoretical formula of improved subsurface drainage discharge was given. The results indicated that the drainage capability of the improved subsurface drainage was increased significantly. The drainage discharge equaled to 2~3 times of that of conventional subsurface drainage when filter width was varied from 2cm to 6cm under the experimental conditions. Drainage capability was increased with the increase of filter width, but the increased value was decreased gradually. In addition, the performance of improved subsurface drainage was going to be more obvious with the increase of gap between hydraulic conductivities of soil and filter. Compared the theoretical values with experimental ones, it was shown that the proposed theoretical formula was reasonable and feasible. The research results can provide technological support for the application of improved subsurface drainage. Meanwhile, the research will be beneficial to enrich theory and technology of agriculture drainage, which has important practical significance to ensure food safety and promote sustainable development of irrigated area.

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陶?qǐng)@,王少麗,許迪,瞿興業(yè).改進(jìn)暗管排水結(jié)構(gòu)型式對(duì)排水性能的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(4):113-118,179. Tao Yuan, Wang Shaoli, Xu Di, Qu Xingye. Effect of Structure-type on Improved Subsurface Drainage Performance[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(4):113-118,179.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-08-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-04-10