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華東地區(qū)典型保育豬舍溫濕度和空氣質(zhì)量監(jiān)測
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國家自然科學基金項目(30972127)和浙江省科技廳國際科技合作項目(2009C14018)


Monitoring of Tempreature, Humidity and Air Quality inside Pig Weaner House in Eastern China
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    摘要:

    為探究畜禽舍溫濕度與空氣質(zhì)量情況,獲得較可靠的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),并為畜禽舍環(huán)境改善提供依據(jù),以華東地區(qū)某典型規(guī)模豬場的兩間自然通風保育豬舍為對象,應用多點連續(xù)監(jiān)測方法對豬舍內(nèi)的溫濕度以及主要污染氣體(二氧化碳(CO2)、氨氣(NH3)、硫化氫(H2S)和甲烷(CH4))的質(zhì)量濃度進行了為期1年的監(jiān)測。監(jiān)測結果顯示,該保育豬舍內(nèi)溫度、相對濕度以及CO2、NH3、H2S、CH4質(zhì)量濃度的小時平均值范圍分別為0.9~42.0℃、31.1%~97.7%、423~3 534mg/m3、0.11~49.7mg/m3、0.9~41.7μg/m3和0.1~17.7mg/m3;對應的(年平均值±方差)分別為(25.6±8.6)℃、 (71.4±11.7)%、(1 982±744)mg/m3、(10.9±8.4)mg/m3、(82±52)μg/m3和(2.9±1.9)mg/m3。研究結果還揭示了這些指標每日和四季的變化規(guī)律以及舍內(nèi)環(huán)境狀況。全年的最低和最高小時平均溫度和相對濕度,以及小時平均最高CO2和NH3質(zhì)量濃度超出了國家標準中規(guī)定的規(guī)模豬場環(huán)境參數(shù)的臨界值。但舍內(nèi)的H2S和CH4質(zhì)量濃度很低,不會對豬的健康生長以及豬舍的安全造成危害。

    Abstract:

    To provide reliable data on the indoor environment in livestock buildings, continuous measurements were conducted in two commercial naturallyventilated pig weaner barns in eastern China. The barn floors were partiallyslatted and pig manure was removed daily. Indoor temperature and relative humidity (T and RH), and concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and methane (CH4) were continuously measured with multipoints monitoring for one year. Hourly means of barn T and RH were ranged from 0.9℃ to 42.0℃ and 31.1% to 97.7%, respectively. Hourly mean CO2, NH3, H2S, and CH4 concentrations were ranged from 423mg/m3 to 3534mg/m3, 0.11mg/m3 to 49.7mg/m3, 0.9μg/m3 to 41.7μg/m3, and 0.1mg/m3 to 17.7mg/m3, respectively. The yearly average barn T and RH were (25.6±8.6)℃ (yearly mean ± standard deviation) and (71.4±11.7)%, respectively. The yearly average CO2, NH3, H2S, and CH4 concentrations were (1.982±744)mg/m3, (10.9±8.4)mg/m3, (8.2±5.2)μg/m3, and (2.9±1.9)mg/m3, respectively. Diurnal and seasonal variations of T, RH, and gas concentrations were clearly shown. The minimum and maximum hourly mean T and RH, and the maximum hourly mean CO2 and NH3 concentrations exceeded the relevant China National Standards for commercial pig weaner barns. However, the maximum H2S and CH4 concentrations were at safe levels for animal health and barn safety. The longterm highfrequency monitoring system has been approved as an appropriate technique for assessing air quality and environmental condition in animal building, the results also indicated that piggery housing system design and ventilation system optimizing still need further exploration in eastern China.

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代小蓉,Ji-Qin Ni,潘喬納,汪開英,Albert J Heber.華東地區(qū)典型保育豬舍溫濕度和空氣質(zhì)量監(jiān)測[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2016,47(7):315-322. Dai Xiaorong, Ji-Qin Ni, Pan Qiaona, Wang Kaiying, Albert J Heber. Monitoring of Tempreature, Humidity and Air Quality inside Pig Weaner House in Eastern China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(7):315-322.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-11-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-07-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-07-10