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玉米精量排種器排種質(zhì)量自動檢測儀設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51575515)、國家玉米產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS—02)和農(nóng)業(yè)部土壤—機(jī)器—植物系統(tǒng)技術(shù)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室項(xiàng)目


Design and Experiment of Testing Instrument for Maize Precision Seed Meter’s Performance Detection
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    摘要:

    為了方便、準(zhǔn)確地檢測不同種類玉米精量排種器的排種性能參數(shù),設(shè)計(jì)了一種排種質(zhì)量自動檢測儀。該檢測儀由PLC、伺服電動機(jī)、光電傳感器、觸摸屏組成,可以在不同播種參數(shù)(如播種粒距、播種速度、排種盤型孔數(shù))下實(shí)時(shí)檢測排種器的合格率、漏播率、重播率、粒距變異系數(shù)等播種質(zhì)量參數(shù),并可以檢測指夾式排種器各個(gè)指夾的重播數(shù)和漏播數(shù),同時(shí)對種子的下落情況進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)的動畫模擬;當(dāng)下種粒數(shù)達(dá)到設(shè)定的下種目標(biāo)時(shí),系統(tǒng)自動停止檢測并將檢測到的排種質(zhì)量參數(shù)自動顯示和保存。為驗(yàn)證該檢測系統(tǒng)的檢測精度,分別與JPS—12型檢測臺和MeterMax型排種器檢測儀進(jìn)行了對比試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:在4、8、12km/h 3種播種行進(jìn)速度下,本文檢測儀的檢測精度與JPS—12型檢測臺的檢測精度相近(檢測結(jié)果相差不超過2%);在4~12km/h的速度下,本文檢測儀的檢測精度與MeterMax型排種器檢測儀的檢測精度也相近(對指夾式排種器的檢測結(jié)果相差小于2%,對氣吸式排種器的檢測結(jié)果相差小于0.7%)。試驗(yàn)證明該檢測儀的檢測精度符合使用要求。

    Abstract:

    In order to test the performance of different types of maize precision seed meters accurately and conveniently, an instrument for testing seed meter’s performance was designed. Utilizing PLC as control component, the instrument can achieve driving seed meter by servo motor, detecting falling seeds by photoelectric seed sensor, setting planting parameters and displaying detection results by touch screen. Besides, under different planting parameters (i.e., seed spacing, planting speed, and number of holes on seed plate), it can real-timely test seed meter’s seeding performance indices, such as quality of feed index, miss index, multiple index and precision index. Meanwhile, the instrument can detect the multiple and miss number of each clip in finger pick-up seed meter and make real-time animation simulation to the dropping situation of seeds. When the quantity of dropping seeds met the number set out, the instrument would stop detecting and save the results automatically. To verify the detection precision of the instrument, a comparison experiment with JPS—12 seed meter detection platform and MeterMax seed meter detector was carried out. Experimental results showed that the instrument and JPS—12 seed meter detection platform’s performance were almost the same at three speeds of 4km/h, 8km/h and 12km/h, and the quality of feed index for testing finger pick-up seed meter was differed by less than 2%. The detection precision of the instrument and MeterMax seed meter detector were much the same at nine speeds from 4km/h to 12km/h, because the results for testing finger pick-up seed meter were differed by less than 2% and the results for testing air-suction seed meter were differed by less than 0.7%. As a consequence, the instrument met requirements for testing seed meter’s performance.

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和賢桃,郝永亮,趙東岳,張東興,崔濤,楊麗.玉米精量排種器排種質(zhì)量自動檢測儀設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(10):19-27. He Xiantao, Hao Yongliang, Zhao Dongyue, Zhang Dongxing, Cui Tao, Yang Li. Design and Experiment of Testing Instrument for Maize Precision Seed Meter’s Performance Detection[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(10):19-27.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-07-13
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-10-10
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