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差速式三通道鮮杏動(dòng)態(tài)定向輸送裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2011BAD27B02—05—03)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51165042)和新疆自治區(qū)科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(201130102—4—1—2)


Design and Test of Apricot Dynamic Orientation and Conveying Device with 3-path Differential Belt
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)杏干加工過(guò)程中鮮杏切瓣勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大、效率低、質(zhì)量差和衛(wèi)生難以保障等問(wèn)題,在對(duì)鮮杏幾何特性及空間三軸旋轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量研究基礎(chǔ)上,提出了基于空間幾何最小作用量原理的差速帶式鮮杏動(dòng)態(tài)定向輸送原理,確定了樣機(jī)的總體結(jié)構(gòu)方案;進(jìn)行了差速式鮮杏定向輸送機(jī)理分析和關(guān)鍵工作部件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的鮮杏動(dòng)態(tài)定向輸送裝置;以賽買提鮮杏為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象,以定向帶/夾持帶速比、定向帶上口間隙和鮮杏尺寸為試驗(yàn)因素,定向準(zhǔn)確率和切割準(zhǔn)確率為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),進(jìn)行了鮮杏動(dòng)態(tài)定向輸送裝置的性能試驗(yàn);通過(guò)正交試驗(yàn)分析表明:定向帶與夾持帶速比為6.52,定向帶上口間隙為15mm,鮮杏橫徑尺寸為32.1~35.0mm時(shí),鮮杏在輸送過(guò)程中的定向準(zhǔn)確率為87.4%,切割準(zhǔn)確率為85.6%。

    Abstract:

    Apricot is a very important fruit for production and trade in Xinjiang, China. Xinjiang is the largest apricot producer in total annual production and planted area. However, the fresh apricot is very liable to become putrid and perished during storing and transporting. And the losses of apricot perished in total annual amount accounted for about 20% during transporting, marketing and storing after harvest. Thus, it is clear that fresh apricot processing, especially in the planted sites has become the most important measure and the major bottleneck for apricot industry in Xinjiang. Traditionally, fresh apricots can be processed into various special flavor apricot products, including dried apricot slices, preserved apricots,canned apricots and apricot jams, which are very favorable. One among the apricot products is the dried apricot slices, represent of the local color apricot products processed. Based on the combination theory of agricultural machinery and agronomy as well as the related basic study, this research was conducted to determine the optimal structure and design parameters of the dynamic orientation device for fresh apricots in the light of study of the physical and mechanical properties of apricot during transporting and segueing, and to develop the dynamic orientation device for fresh apricot. And self-orientation mechanism was proposed based on principle of least action principle and apricot’s physical properties. The differential speed conveying mechanism and interaction of friction with belt for fresh apricot were analyzed. The apricot’s orientation position can be adjusted by orientation belt and clamp belt during conveyance process. Structure of apricot orientation device was schemed, including clamp belt, orientation belt, slope plate, clamp gap adjustment component, belt tension adjustment components and other auxiliary components. All those components created orientation channel. The clamp gap and belt tension can be changed by adjusting the adjustment components. Line speed of clamp belt and orientation can be controlled by adjusting the current frequency of converter. Saimaiti apricot was taken as research object. Orthogonal test was designed. The test factors were speed ratio of orientation belt to clamp belt, gap between two paralleled clamp belt and size of apricot. Test indexes included orientation rate and cutting rate. Experimental results showed that the best combination level can be as follow: speed ratio of orientation belt to clamping belt was 6.52, clamp belt gap was 15mm, interval size of apricot short-axis diameter was 32.1~35.0mm. The orientation accuracy rate was 87.4% and cutting accuracy was 85.6% accordingly. The results provided a reference for dynamic orientation research which based on belt conveyance for apricot.

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劉向東,王學(xué)農(nóng),王春耀,劉小龍,楊會(huì)民,高連興.差速式三通道鮮杏動(dòng)態(tài)定向輸送裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(10):35-43. Liu Xiangdong, Wang Xuenong, Wang Chunyao, Liu Xiaolong, Yang Huimin, Gao Lianxing. Design and Test of Apricot Dynamic Orientation and Conveying Device with 3-path Differential Belt[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(10):35-43.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-12-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-10-10
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