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冷藏運輸工具滲風(fēng)特性試驗與關(guān)鍵參數(shù)分析
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2013BAD19B01)、國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51008087)和廣東省優(yōu)秀青年教師培養(yǎng)項目(Yq2013129)


Experiment on Air Leakage Characteristics and Key Parameters Analysis of Refrigerated Transport Unit
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    針對目前國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中不同冷藏運輸工具滲風(fēng)量檢測指標(biāo)不統(tǒng)一的問題,運用靜態(tài)壓差法和示蹤氣體濃度衰減法對不同氣密性條件的冷藏車展開試驗,分析不同速度、不同壓差、不同老化程度條件下滲風(fēng)量變化規(guī)律,尋求之間的匹配關(guān)系,為相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的制定提供依據(jù)。研究給出了靜壓條件下冷藏運輸工具滲風(fēng)特性曲線的試驗確定法和經(jīng)驗公式確定法,認(rèn)為滲風(fēng)量受工具本身氣密性和速度的雙重影響,且工具老化對滲風(fēng)影響較大。分析表明現(xiàn)行鐵路冷藏車、公路冷藏車和冷藏集裝箱在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測定條件下,滲風(fēng)要求最大存在20倍的差距;50、100、250Pa的測試壓差分別對應(yīng)30~40km/h、45~60km/h、70~100km/h的運行速度,滲風(fēng)量約為1∶2∶4的關(guān)系;在老化率方面,250Pa壓差條件下車輛行駛10萬km和20萬km后,車廂滲風(fēng)量分別上升40%和110%。結(jié)合實際情況,建議將250Pa靜壓差作為冷藏運輸工具滲風(fēng)量檢測的統(tǒng)一測試基準(zhǔn)值,并建立熱工性能定期校驗制度。

    Abstract:

    At present, the test index of air leakage is not uniform in different standards in China. Constant pressure difference method and tracer gas concentration decay method were used to test air tightness characteristic of refrigerated transport unit. The variations of air leakage were tested under conditions of different pressures (50Pa, 100Pa, 150Pa, 200Pa and 250Pa), different velocities (20km/h,40km/h,60km/h, 80km/h and 100km/h) and different agings (0, 71000km, 126000km and 175000km). The matching relationship between different parameters was analyzed. The research gave determined method of air leakage characteristic curve with experimentation and empirical formula. The test method was recommended in practical application. It showed that the leakage rate was influenced by air tightness and velocity, and the influence of aging was great. There was a maximum of 20 times difference of air leakage index in GB 29753, GB/T 5600 and GB/T 7392. Test pressures of 50Pa,100Pa and 250Pa were corresponded to velocities of 30~40km/h, 45~60km/h and 70~100km/h. And the air leakage was about 1∶2∶4 under the conditions of above constant pressure difference. After driving 100000km and 200000km, the air leakage of refrigerated transport unit was increased by 40% and 110% under 250Pa pressure difference. Combined with the actual situation, it was suggested that 250Pa as the uniform constant pressure difference condition for air leakage test standard, and a system should be established to regularly check the thermal performance of refrigerated transport unit. In addition, the air leakage of refrigerated transport unit was influenced by internal partition form, goods stacking form, temperature, etc. A comprehensive and thorough analysis was needed in the later research. 

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劉廣海,謝如鶴,Alan Foster,屈睿瑰,李錦.冷藏運輸工具滲風(fēng)特性試驗與關(guān)鍵參數(shù)分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2016,47(10):302-308. Liu Guanghai, Xie Ruhe, Alan Foster, Qu Ruigui, Li Jin. Experiment on Air Leakage Characteristics and Key Parameters Analysis of Refrigerated Transport Unit[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(10):302-308.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-05-07
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-10-10
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