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輥盤(pán)式圓捆機(jī)卷捆機(jī)理分析與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51405076)、高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)科研基金項(xiàng)目(20124105110004)和黑龍江科技攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目(GC13B604)


Theoretical Analysis and Experiment of Baling Mechanism of Roll-disk Round Baler
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)國(guó)產(chǎn)中小型鋼輥式圓捆機(jī)收獲完整稻稈時(shí)易于堵塞問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了側(cè)圓盤(pán)與鋼輥組合式(簡(jiǎn)稱輥盤(pán)式)卷捆機(jī)構(gòu),并利用自制輥盤(pán)式圓捆機(jī)試驗(yàn)裝置對(duì)其卷捆過(guò)程進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究。通過(guò)高速攝像與運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析可知:完整稻稈剛進(jìn)入卷捆室后在鋼輥及側(cè)圓盤(pán)共同作用下沿鋼輥?zhàn)稣苓\(yùn)動(dòng),稻稈在卷捆室內(nèi)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)一周重新到達(dá)卷捆室底部位置時(shí),兩側(cè)壁摩擦力會(huì)使其停止旋轉(zhuǎn),而在卷捆室底部產(chǎn)生持續(xù)累積過(guò)程,由側(cè)圓盤(pán)對(duì)稻稈產(chǎn)生的摩擦帶動(dòng)力可縮短累積稻稈形成旋轉(zhuǎn)草芯進(jìn)程,進(jìn)而避免堵塞現(xiàn)象發(fā)生。據(jù)此以影響輥盤(pán)式圓捆機(jī)形成旋轉(zhuǎn)草芯的主要因素——圓盤(pán)直徑、圓盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速、長(zhǎng)寬比(稻稈長(zhǎng)度與卷捆室寬度的比值)為試驗(yàn)因素,將旋轉(zhuǎn)草芯形成時(shí)的稻稈質(zhì)量作為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)表明各因素影響評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的主次順序?yàn)閳A盤(pán)直徑、長(zhǎng)寬比、圓盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速;取圓盤(pán)直徑380mm、圓盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速135r/min,當(dāng)長(zhǎng)寬比為1.00時(shí),旋轉(zhuǎn)草芯形成時(shí)的稻稈質(zhì)量為1.21kg,當(dāng)長(zhǎng)寬比為1.26時(shí),旋轉(zhuǎn)草芯形成時(shí)的稻稈質(zhì)量為3.44kg,并且無(wú)堵塞現(xiàn)象發(fā)生。研究結(jié)果可為輥盤(pán)式圓捆機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)及其作業(yè)參數(shù)優(yōu)化提供理論及技術(shù)依據(jù)。

    Abstract:

    With respect to the collaring jam problem found when harvesting intact rice straw by using domestic small and medium-sized steel-roll round balers, the baling mechanism, which combines the side disk and steel rolls (“the roll-disk type” for short) was designed, and the baling process was experimented by the roll-disk round baler. Through high-speed photography and kinematic analysis, it was found that after being fed to the baling chamber, the intact rice straw can move circumferentially along the steel rolls of baling chamber under the combined effects of steel rolls and side disk;when the rice straw returned to the bottom of baling chamber after running a cycle in the baling chamber, the rice straw would stop rotating due to friction force on two side walls of the baling chamber, then it was continuously accumulated at the bottom of baling chamber;the friction driving force generated by side disk on rice straw can shorten the process of rice straw accumulation to form rotating straw core, which can prevent collaring jam. Based on this, the main factors that affected the formation of rotating straw core in the roll-disk round baler—disk diameter, disk rotation speed and lengthwidth ratio (ratio of rice straw length to width of baling chamber) are chosen as the experimental factors, the rice straw mass when forming rotating straw core was decided as the evaluation index, and then experiments were conducted. The experimental results showed that the sequence of various factors’ influence on the evaluation index was disk diameter, length-width ratio and disk rotation speed. When the disk diameter was 380mm, disk rotation speed was 135r/min, length-width ratio was 1.00, rice straw mass when forming rotating straw core was 1.21kg, and the length-width ratio was 1.26, the rice straw mass when forming rotating straw core was 3.44kg, and there was no jam occurred. The research results can provide theoretical and technical basis for design of roll-disk round balers and optimization of its operating parameters.

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李葉龍,王德福,李東紅,王沫,江志國(guó),雷軍樂(lè).輥盤(pán)式圓捆機(jī)卷捆機(jī)理分析與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(12):45-52. Li Yelong, Wang Defu, Li Donghong, Wang Mo, Jiang Zhiguo, Lei Junle. Theoretical Analysis and Experiment of Baling Mechanism of Roll-disk Round Baler[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(12):45-52.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-05-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-12-10
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