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基于主動(dòng)輪廓模型的自動(dòng)導(dǎo)引車視覺(jué)導(dǎo)航
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31571568)、廣州市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(201510010140)和廣東省工程中心項(xiàng)目(2014B090904056)


Visual Navigation for Automatic Guided Vehicles Based on  Active Contour Model
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    摘要:

    為解決工廠或農(nóng)業(yè)非線性光照環(huán)境下視覺(jué)導(dǎo)航算法魯棒性和實(shí)時(shí)性差的問(wèn)題,提出基于主動(dòng)輪廓模型的導(dǎo)航標(biāo)識(shí)線檢測(cè)與跟蹤算法。首先用多項(xiàng)式曲線模型描述單向標(biāo)識(shí)線,導(dǎo)航問(wèn)題等價(jià)為計(jì)算多項(xiàng)式曲線參數(shù);然后依據(jù)標(biāo)識(shí)線顏色和邊緣等特征,給出關(guān)于多項(xiàng)式曲線的主動(dòng)輪廓模型的內(nèi)、外部能量函數(shù);最后將能量函數(shù)簡(jiǎn)化為非線性最小二乘問(wèn)題,應(yīng)用高斯牛頓法和Armijo-Goldstein不精確一維搜索方法求解曲線最優(yōu)參數(shù)。采用自制視頻和自主小車測(cè)試算法,結(jié)果表明:該算法對(duì)非線性光照條件下直線和彎曲標(biāo)識(shí)線的導(dǎo)航正確率為98.96%,運(yùn)算時(shí)間為40.18ms。試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了該算法的魯棒性和實(shí)時(shí)性。

    Abstract:

    Lane detection and tracking algorithm based on active contour model was proposed to solve the poor robustness and realtime problem for vision navigation under factory or agricultural nonlinear illumination conditions. First of all, it was illustrated that navigation problem was equivalent to calculation of polynomial curve parameters, which could describe the navigation lanes. Secondly, the external energy function of active contour model was investigated, including three energy terms. The first energy term was about the Euclidean distance between lane colors and colors on one side of polynomial curve, by minimizing the first energy term could attract polynomial curve to navigation lanes. The second energy term was about the edge features, which could attract polynomial curve to lane edges. The third energy term was about the position difference of polynomial curve between adjacent frames, which could limit curve to change abruptly. Finally, the energy function was simplified to a nonlinear least squares problem, and the Gauss-Newton method as well as the Armijo-Goldstein inexact line search method were used to solve this problem. Home video and independent car were tested, the result showed that the algorithm achieved a navigation accuracy of 98.96% for both the straight lane and bending lane under nonlinear illumination, with average processing time of 40.18ms, and the independent car could walk along the navigation lane successfully. Experiment result showed that the algorithm was robust and real-time.

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林桂潮,鄒湘軍,張青,熊俊濤.基于主動(dòng)輪廓模型的自動(dòng)導(dǎo)引車視覺(jué)導(dǎo)航[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(2):20-26. LIN Guichao, ZOU Xiangjun, ZHANG Qing, XIONG Juntao. Visual Navigation for Automatic Guided Vehicles Based on  Active Contour Model[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(2):20-26.

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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-02-25
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