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潛在蒸散量對SWAT模型寒區(qū)典型流域徑流模擬的影響
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51009026)、黑龍江省教育廳科學(xué)技術(shù)研究項目(12531024)、農(nóng)業(yè)部農(nóng)業(yè)水資源高效利用重點實驗室開放課題項目(2015002)和東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)水土工程創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊項目


Influence of Potential Evapotranspiration on Runoff Simulation using SWAT Model in Alpine Typical Watershed Region
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    摘要:

    以目前廣泛應(yīng)用的SWAT模型為例,利用對比研究方法,以歐根河流域作為典型研究區(qū)域,采用Penman-Monteith模型、Priestley-Taylor模型、Hargreaves模型、Shuttleworth-Wallace模型及修正的20cm蒸發(fā)皿觀測數(shù)據(jù)計算潛在蒸散量(PET)。研究不同PET驅(qū)動的SWAT模型對模擬結(jié)果的影響,研究結(jié)果表明:SWAT模型以子流域為尺度對PET計算結(jié)果進(jìn)行插值的方式較粗略,不能較好反映PET的空間分布情況,在大面積森林覆蓋的不同子流域,月平均PET值隨不同子流域內(nèi)森林物種的種類和分布不同數(shù)值變化較小,并非在考慮地形影響下SWAT模型模擬的日徑流量結(jié)果均好,在未考慮地形影響下Penman-Monteith模型與考慮地形影響下的Hargreaves模型、Shuttleworth-Wallace模型模擬結(jié)果較好,其中Penman-Monteith模型擬合的效果最好,率定期與驗證期的Ens值分別為0.651、0.686,說明Penman-Monteith模型更適合用于高寒森林地區(qū)的潛在蒸散量計算。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the influence of potential evapotranspiration on daily flow simulation results for hydrological models in the northeast alpine region, the widely applied SWAT model was chosen as an example, through comparative study on Ougen River Basin, using Penman-Monteith model, Priestley-Taylor model, Hargreaves model, Shuttleworth-Wallace model and modified 20cm evaporating dish observed data to compute the potential evapotranspiration (PET), then the influence of SWAT models on the simulation results was studied by different PET drivers. Research results showed that adopting subbasin scale for SWAT model to PET interpolation was quiet rough, and the calculated results cannot reflect the spatial distribution of PET specifically, the average temperature of alpine forest areas was less than 17.8℃ from January to February and also in December every year, including March sometimes. In different subbasins covered by large forest, the change of monthly average PET was little with the variation of forest species types and distribution areas, although differences of terrain on SWAT model were considered, it didnot show a high daily flow precision. Penman-Monteith model without consideration of terrain pattern, and Hargreaves model and Shuttleworth-Wallace model considered terrain pattern had good simulation results, while Penman-Monteith model fitted the best with Ens values of 0.651 and 0.686 in calibration and validation periods, respectively, which showed that the Penman-Monteith model suited better in alpine forest areas to calculate the potential evapotranspiration.

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徐淑琴,丁星臣,王斌,彭莉.潛在蒸散量對SWAT模型寒區(qū)典型流域徑流模擬的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2017,48(3):261-269. XU Shuqin, DING Xingchen, WANG Bin, PENG Li. Influence of Potential Evapotranspiration on Runoff Simulation using SWAT Model in Alpine Typical Watershed Region[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(3):261-269.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-07-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-03-10
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