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集條殘膜打包機(jī)撿拾清理裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31560336)、 公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(xiàng)(201503105)、中國(guó)博士后科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2015M57266XB)和兵團(tuán)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(2015BD002)


Design and Experiment on Collecting and Separating Device for Strip Plastic Film Baler
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)機(jī)收集條殘膜因其質(zhì)地松散、含雜量高造成的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)困難和二次利用率低等問題,在測(cè)定分析集條殘膜主要物理特性參數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了一種由清雜輥、偏心撿拾滾筒機(jī)構(gòu)、脫膜機(jī)構(gòu)等組成的集條殘膜撿拾清理裝置。清雜輥彈齒采用雙頭螺旋線“人”字形對(duì)稱排列方式,通過動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,確定清雜輥在運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡為余擺線時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)速為86.3r/min;利用Matlab軟件優(yōu)化了偏心撿拾滾筒的偏心連桿尺寸,通過性能試驗(yàn)優(yōu)選滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速為65r/min、彈齒安裝角度為45°;經(jīng)力學(xué)分析和氣力流場(chǎng)特性模擬獲得殘膜能被順利脫下、拋離時(shí),脫膜葉片端部的線速度最小值為1.485m/s。整機(jī)田間試驗(yàn)表明:在機(jī)具前進(jìn)速度為1.5m/s時(shí),表層殘膜拾凈率為90.96%,纏膜率為1.09%,清雜率為77.35%,整機(jī)工作效率為 0.19hm2/h,滿足田間作業(yè)使用要求。

    Abstract:

    It is widely recognized that the application of plastic film mulch technology is evolving from “white revolution” to “white pollution”, because the residual plastic film could damage the physical and chemical structures of soil. Consequently a variety of plastic film collectors were developed and most research aimed at enhancing the field plastic film collecting rate and working continuity. However, the residual plastic film strips collected by current collector were loose and easily disturbed by wind and transportation of these film strips were difficult as well as their utilization ratio was low. To solve these problems, a collecting and separating device for strip plastic film baler was designed based on statistical analysis for main physical parameters of the film strip, which decided the performance of the baler and deforming effect of plastic film package. The device consisted of separating roller, eccentric collecting cylinder and film removing mechanism. The layout of separating spring teeth was double helix herringbone symmetrical arrangement. When the motion tail of separating roller was trochoid, the revolving speed was determined as 86.3r/min by force and motion analyses. The size of eccentric link mechanism was optimized by fitting tool of Matlab software, and the revolving speed and installation angle of collecting spring teeth was determined as 65r/min and 45° by performance test, respectively. According to force analysis and flow simulation of vane-type film removing mechanism, the linear velocity of vane should be more than 1.485m/s to ensure that the residual film could be removed and transported into film bin. Field experiments indicated that the surface residual plastic film collecting rate was 90.96%, film twining rate was 1.09%, stalk and soil removing rate was 77.35%, and the average working efficient of this baler was 0.19hm2/h when forward velocity of the baler was 1.5m/s, which met the requirements for residual plastic film collecting machine.

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牛琪,紀(jì)超,趙巖,陳學(xué)庚,鄭炫,李洪文.集條殘膜打包機(jī)撿拾清理裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(5):101-107. NIU Qi, JI Chao, ZHAO Yan, CHEN Xuegeng, ZHENG Xuan, LI Hongwen. Design and Experiment on Collecting and Separating Device for Strip Plastic Film Baler[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(5):101-107.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-08-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-05-10
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