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禽蛋裂紋檢測(cè)敲擊裝置力學(xué)分析與結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化
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“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015BAD19B05)、中國(guó)博士后科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2015M580401)、江蘇省博士后科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(1501108C)和江蘇大學(xué)高級(jí)人才科研啟動(dòng)基金項(xiàng)目(15JDG056)


Mechanical Analysis and Structural Optimization of Knocking Device for Eggshell Crack Detection
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    摘要:

    為了增強(qiáng)敲擊響應(yīng)信號(hào)對(duì)禽蛋蛋殼裂紋信息的感知能力,提高禽蛋裂紋檢測(cè)的準(zhǔn)確性,分析了敲擊裝置的力學(xué)模型,并以此為依據(jù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)激勵(lì)棒的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和檢測(cè)條件。力學(xué)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),禽蛋的激振力脈沖形態(tài)與激勵(lì)棒質(zhì)量、棒頭剛度和敲擊速度有關(guān);優(yōu)化后的激勵(lì)棒質(zhì)量應(yīng)小于5.6g,棒頭采用尼龍材質(zhì);建立了沖擊力能量與激勵(lì)棒質(zhì)量和敲擊速度之間的相互關(guān)系,并建立了瞬態(tài)沖擊過(guò)程的數(shù)學(xué)模型。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,優(yōu)化后激勵(lì)棒對(duì)完好蛋激振力脈沖的穩(wěn)定性較好,與所建立數(shù)學(xué)模型的相關(guān)系數(shù)均達(dá)到0.92以上;產(chǎn)生的力信號(hào)頻帶能覆蓋禽蛋固有頻率且具有足夠的激振能量,有利于提高完好蛋與裂紋蛋的可區(qū)分性和響應(yīng)信號(hào)的信噪比。

    Abstract:

    In order to enhance the ability of response signal to reflect eggshell crack information and improve the accuracy of eggshell crack detection, structural parameters and detection conditions of the excitation stick were optimally designed by dynamic experiments based on mechanical model of the knocking device. The shape of pulse produced by excitation stick was related to the weight of stick, stiffness coefficient and percussion speed according to mechanics analysis results. The spectrum of excitation pulse was analyzed. The results showed that the sensitivity of response signals for eggshell creak information can be improved by reducing the pulse width and increasing the pulse peak. The excitation pulse signal was collected by a quartz force sensor, which was analyzed to optimize the excitation stick by using force spectrum method. In order to ensure that the main lobe band of the excitation force pulse covered the natural frequency of eggs, the weight of the optimized excitation stick with nylon striking end was less than 5.6g. The relationship model between the pulse peak and the stick percussion speed was established, which would offer a reference to select the appropriate percussion speed for different varieties of eggs. The mathematical model of the transient impulse process was established to provide the basis for the later finite element simulation. The experiment results showed that the excitation pulse produced by the optimized excitation stick had the advantage of good stability, and the correlation coefficients between the pulse of intact eggs and mathematical model were more than 0.92. Frequency band of the pulse could cover the natural frequency of eggs and the pulse had sufficient excitation energy, which were of great help to distinguish between intact eggs and crack eggs and increase the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of response signal.

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張世慶,戴其俊,孫力,蔡健榮,周青倩,周小力.禽蛋裂紋檢測(cè)敲擊裝置力學(xué)分析與結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(5):363-368. ZHANG Shiqing, DAI Qijun, SUN Li, CAI Jianrong, ZHOU Qingqian, ZHOU Xiaoli. Mechanical Analysis and Structural Optimization of Knocking Device for Eggshell Crack Detection[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(5):363-368.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-08-31
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-05-10
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