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油菜收獲機(jī)割臺(tái)螺旋輸送器間隙自適應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)研究
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國(guó)家油菜產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系專(zhuān)項(xiàng)(CARS-12)、農(nóng)業(yè)部科研杰出人才及創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目和湖北省技術(shù)創(chuàng)新專(zhuān)項(xiàng)重大項(xiàng)目(2016ABA094)


Clearance Adaptive Adjusting Mechanism for Header Screw Conveyor of Rape Combine Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)油菜聯(lián)合收獲過(guò)程中由于喂入量波動(dòng)導(dǎo)致割臺(tái)螺旋輸送器堵塞的問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種割臺(tái)螺旋輸送器間隙自適應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu),實(shí)現(xiàn)喂入量變化時(shí)實(shí)時(shí)改變滑塊位移以自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)輸送器與底板之間的間隙。輸送器動(dòng)力學(xué)與運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析確定了調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)預(yù)緊彈簧最大預(yù)緊力和調(diào)節(jié)位移分別為366N和50mm。運(yùn)用扭矩傳感器和高速攝像技術(shù)分別開(kāi)展輸送器扭矩和調(diào)節(jié)位移的性能試驗(yàn),當(dāng)彈簧預(yù)緊力和剛度分別為293N和12.65N/mm時(shí),輸送器扭矩為8.267N·m,減少了40.7%,調(diào)節(jié)位移為10.2mm,調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)性能較優(yōu)。調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)輸送器性能影響試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:增設(shè)間隙自適應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)可明顯降低扭矩并增加最大喂入量,螺旋輸送器轉(zhuǎn)速為150r/min時(shí)扭矩減小了23%;轉(zhuǎn)速為200r/min時(shí),最大喂入量增加至3.5kg/s,提高了16.7%。喂入量在不大于3.0kg/s范圍內(nèi)波動(dòng)時(shí),試驗(yàn)組最大扭矩小于對(duì)照組,說(shuō)明調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)可較好適應(yīng)喂入量的波動(dòng)。田間試驗(yàn)表明間隙自適應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)可提高輸送器對(duì)喂入量的適應(yīng)性,避免割臺(tái)堵塞,后續(xù)的脫粒裝置、清選裝置等工作部件未發(fā)生堵塞,油菜聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)可正常工作。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at solving the blocking of screw conveyor on header of rape combine harvester, an automatic clearance adjusting mechanism was designed. The maximum pretension and displacement were determined to be 366N and 50mm, respectively, through statics and kinematics analyses of the screw conveyor. Torque sensor and high-speed camera technique were used respectively to record torque on the shaft of conveyor and displacement,parameters tests of the mechanism were conducted and the results indicated when pretension was 293N and stiffness was 12.65N/mm,maximum torque of conveyor was 8.267N·m,which was decreased by 40.7%,maximum displacement of the slider was 10.2mm, and parameters of adjusting mechanism were optimal. The influence of the adjusting mechanism on performance of conveyor tests showed that adding the adaptive adjusting mechanism could obviously reduce torque and increase maximum feed quantity,when speed was in range of 150~300r/min, the feed quantity was 1.5~3.5kg/s. Torque was decreased by 23% when speed was 150r/min,feed quantity was increased by 0.5kg/s in experimental group,which was increased by 17.8%. When feed quantity was fluctuated from 1.0kg/s to 3.0kg/s and 1.0kg/s and from 3kg/s to 1.0kg/s and 3.0kg/s, maximum torque was decreased compared with steady feeding quantity of 3kg/s. Field experiment showed that the clearance adaptive adjusting mechanism could adjust the clearance between screw conveyor and bottom plate in time according to the change of feed quantity during harvesting operation,therefore,it could improve the adaptability of header to fluctuation of feed quantity and relieve blocking.

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李海同,萬(wàn)星宇,徐陽(yáng),蔣亞軍,廖慶喜.油菜收獲機(jī)割臺(tái)螺旋輸送器間隙自適應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(11):115-122. LI Haitong, WAN Xingyu, XU Yang, JIANG Yajun, LIAO Qingxi. Clearance Adaptive Adjusting Mechanism for Header Screw Conveyor of Rape Combine Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(11):115-122.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-08-30
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2017-11-10
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