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崩崗崩積體坡面糙度及其與侵蝕方式的耦合影響研究
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水利部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201501047)、廣東省自然科學(xué)基金研究團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(S2012030006144)、廣東省科學(xué)院引進(jìn)高層次領(lǐng)軍人才專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(2060599)、省院創(chuàng)新平臺(tái)建設(shè)專項(xiàng)(2016GDASPT-0105、2016GDASPT-0304)和農(nóng)田重金屬污染治理創(chuàng)新人才隊(duì)伍建設(shè)項(xiàng)目(2016B070701015)


Coupling Effects of Slope Roughness and Erosion Pattern on Colluvial Deposits of Benggang
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    摘要:

    崩崗崩積體是崩崗的主要沙源地。基于人工模擬降雨試驗(yàn)及三維激光掃描技術(shù),研究崩崗崩積體坡面侵蝕過程。研究表明:利用三維激光掃描的點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)能定量分析降雨前后坡面水蝕特征。全坡面及各坡位均為片蝕總量大于細(xì)溝侵蝕總量,但各坡位的侵蝕強(qiáng)度有所差異,其細(xì)溝侵蝕強(qiáng)度由大到小表現(xiàn)為下坡、中坡、上坡,片蝕強(qiáng)度由大到小表現(xiàn)為上坡、中坡、下坡。坡面空間糙度由大到小大致呈現(xiàn)下坡位、中坡位、上坡位,坡面侵蝕方式可影響坡面糙度值及變化趨勢,而坡面糙度亦能影響各侵蝕方式的侵蝕強(qiáng)度。整個(gè)降雨時(shí)段內(nèi)全坡面侵蝕量最大、產(chǎn)沙量次之,沉積量最小,受坡面糙度變化影響,全坡面侵蝕、產(chǎn)沙量均呈現(xiàn)遞減趨勢。而上坡位的侵蝕、產(chǎn)沙量無明顯變化,中、下坡位的侵蝕、產(chǎn)沙量呈對(duì)數(shù)減小趨勢。此外,除上、下坡位沉積量間存在顯著差異外,各坡位間侵蝕量、產(chǎn)沙量均無顯著差異。

    Abstract:

    Benggang erosion is an important erosion type, which frequently occurs in Southeastern China. Colluvial deposits of Benggang is an important source of the Benggang sediment. Based on simulated rainfall experiments and three-dimensional (3D) laser scanning, the characteristics of spatial-temporal differentiation of soil erosion processes on the colluvial deposits of Benggang were investigated. An indoor rainfall experiment was conducted with a 30° slope of the Benggang deposit and a rainfall erosion intensity of 3.33mm/min, which represented a typically higher rain intensity in the study region. Rainfall simulation experiments were conducted in 2016 in the rainfall simulation hall of Laboratory of Red Soil Erosion and Flow Hydraulic in South China in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province. The results showed that point cloud data from the 3D laser scanning can reflect the characteristics of soil erosion, deposition and sediment yield before and after rainfall events. Total amount of rill erosion,sheet erosion were 0.0366m3 and 0.1135m3, respectively. Slope position had little influence on sheet erosion, while it had a significant impact on rill erosion. Roughness of soil surface was increased first and then decreased with time during the experiment. The values of roughness of soil surface were in a descending sequence of lower slopes, middle slopes and upper slopes, and it varied with time at different slope positions. Roughness of soil surface on lower and middle slope was increased firstly and then decreased with time during the experiment, while it was increased constantly with time on the upper slope. No significant variation of soil erosion on upper slopes occurred with rainfall events. The soil erosion amount and sediment yield were decreased logarithmically with time. The difference of erosion amount between upper and lower slopes was significant, whereas slope positions showed insignificant influence on soil erosion and sediment yield.

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廖義善,卓慕寧,唐常源,謝真越,袁再健,李定強(qiáng).崩崗崩積體坡面糙度及其與侵蝕方式的耦合影響研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(11):300-306,270. LIAO Yishan, ZHUO Muning, TANG Changyuan, XIE Zhenyue, YUAN Zaijian, LI Dingqiang. Coupling Effects of Slope Roughness and Erosion Pattern on Colluvial Deposits of Benggang[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(11):300-306,270.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-03-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-11-10
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