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基于機(jī)載激光雷達(dá)點(diǎn)云的飛行障礙物提取方法研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41371327、41671433)


Extracting Flying Obstacles Using Airborne LiDAR Point Cloud Data
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    摘要:

    無人機(jī)搭載激光雷達(dá)掃描儀以獲取機(jī)載點(diǎn)云已成為農(nóng)作物冠層結(jié)構(gòu)信息提取的理想數(shù)據(jù)源,基于機(jī)載激光雷達(dá)點(diǎn)云提取樹木、電力塔、電力線等飛行障礙物,為無人機(jī)安全飛行提供可靠數(shù)據(jù)。首先,使用TerraSolid軟件對點(diǎn)云進(jìn)行濾波,分離地面點(diǎn),提取植被樹木、電力塔、電力線等障礙物,根據(jù)地物分布進(jìn)行點(diǎn)云分幅。利用PCL點(diǎn)云庫中隨機(jī)采樣一致性及穩(wěn)健的特征值法構(gòu)建平面模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)分幅后的點(diǎn)云非地面點(diǎn)及飛行障礙物提取。最后,以人工濾波結(jié)果和分類結(jié)果為參考點(diǎn)云,分別建立基于TIN算法的濾波結(jié)果和PCL分割結(jié)果的精度驗(yàn)證混淆矩陣,從而對濾波及分割提取障礙物的結(jié)果進(jìn)行精度評價。研究結(jié)果表明,TerraSolid軟件處理分幅點(diǎn)云效率優(yōu)于整幅點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù),TerraSolid及PCL兩者對于處理相同分幅點(diǎn)云結(jié)果較為相近,其中PCL操作快捷高效,可視性較差。在提取飛行障礙物的過程中,可結(jié)合二者優(yōu)勢。

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    Laser pulse launching by LiDAR sensor has strong penetrability and sun shine as well as extreme weather has little influence on it, because of which, it can genuine acquire the three-dimensional information on the ground. It is an ideal data source for crop canopy structure information extraction. In this paper, based on the airborne laser radar data, as the goal was to extract the corresponding feature ground point. Using the TerraSolid software to classify the whole points, the points were divided into different classification, such as ground, vegetation, wire power and wire line. Meanwhile, RANdom SAmple Consensus (RANSAC) was applied to fit the plane segmentation model based on the Point cloud library (PCL), which optimized the obstacles extraction results. The TerraSolid software classification results, PCL plane segmentation fitting results with initial classification of point cloud for confusion matrix were obtained, respectively. Confusion matrix for precision evaluation was concluded. Correlation analysis was carried out on two kinds of precision evaluation. Research results show that it is better for TerraSolid to deal with block rather than the whole point cloud data. The results of TerraSolid and PCL are similar for the same point cloud. Its operation is fast and efficient but poor for the visibility. We can combine both advantages in extracting obstacles. This study basically achieved the anticipated goal of flying obstacles extraction, to provide security for the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flight and help with the flight path planning.

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蘇偉,趙曉鳳,張明政,王偉.基于機(jī)載激光雷達(dá)點(diǎn)云的飛行障礙物提取方法研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2017,48(s1):79-85,97. SU Wei, ZHAO Xiaofeng, ZHANG Mingzheng, WANG Wei. Extracting Flying Obstacles Using Airborne LiDAR Point Cloud Data[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(s1):79-85,97.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-07-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-12-10
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