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保護(hù)性耕作擬合曲線型深松鏟設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014BAD11B01)、黑龍江省博士后科研啟動(dòng)基金項(xiàng)目(LBH-Q16026)和黑龍江省重大科技招標(biāo)項(xiàng)目(GA14B101-01)


Design and Experiment of Fitting Curve Subsoiler of Conservation Tillage
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)東北地區(qū)深松整地作業(yè)中,深松鏟土壤擾動(dòng)量和耕作阻力大的問(wèn)題,以離散元(EDEM)軟件仿真分析鏟尖對(duì)土壤的作用為依據(jù),設(shè)計(jì)了擬合曲線型深松鏟。采用離散元軟件模擬深松鏟鏟尖在土壤中的運(yùn)動(dòng),獲得鏟尖上方土壤顆粒運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡的擬合曲線和擬合方程,采用線元設(shè)計(jì)法對(duì)線形優(yōu)化,獲得鏟柄外形曲線;同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)了刃部、切削刃角、入土角,并通過(guò)鏟柄與鏟尖的互作效應(yīng)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了分層的可行性與合理性。土槽對(duì)比試驗(yàn)表明,擬合曲線型深松鏟有效降低了土壤擾動(dòng)量和耕作阻力,比折線式深松鏟土壤擾動(dòng)量減少了53.6%,耕作阻力減少了36.23%;比圓弧式深松鏟土壤擾動(dòng)量減少了66.18%,耕作阻力減少了29.18%。田間對(duì)比試驗(yàn)表明,擬合曲線型深松鏟比折線式深松鏟回土面積增加了81.03%,比圓弧式深松鏟的回土面積增加了146.95%。土槽和田間試驗(yàn)表明,擬合曲線型深松鏟土壤擾動(dòng)量小、耕作阻力小,滿足深松作業(yè)的要求。

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    A fitting curve subsoiler was designed aiming at the problems of large soil disturbance and large tillage resistance caused by subsoiler in sub-soiling site preparation work in Northeast China. The discrete element (EDEM) software was used to simulate the movement of the tip of a subsoiler in the soil. Through calculating, the fitting curve and fitting equation were obtained from the trajectory of soil particles above the tip of shovel. After summarizing, the method of line element design was used to optimize the alignment to acquire the curve of shovel handle shape, meanwhile, to design the edge, lip and penetration angle were cut. Then the interaction effect test of shovel handle and shovel tip were used to prove the feasibility and rationality of the design. The contrast test of soil trough showed a fitting curve subsoiler can effectively reduce the soil disturbance and tillage resistance. Compared with polygonal subsoiler, the fitting curve subsoiler made the soil disturbance reduced by 53.6%, tillage resistance reduced by 36.23%. Compared with circular subsoiler, it made the soil disturbance reduced by 66.18% and the tillage resistance reduced by 29.18%. Compared the fitting curve subsoiler with the polygonal subsoiler with field experiment, it was showed that using the fitting curve subsoiler made the soil return area increased by 81.03%. Compared with circular subsoiler, the fitting curve subsoiler made the soil return area increased by 146.95%. Both the soil trough experiment and the field experiment verified that the fitting curve subsoiler can make the soil disturbance smaller and tillage resistance smaller, which met the requirements of sub-soiling operation.

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趙淑紅,王加一,陳君執(zhí),楊悅乾,譚賀文.保護(hù)性耕作擬合曲線型深松鏟設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(2):82-92. ZHAO Shuhong, WANG Jiayi, CHEN Junzhi, YANG Yueqian, TAN Hewen. Design and Experiment of Fitting Curve Subsoiler of Conservation Tillage[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(2):82-92.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-07-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-02-10
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