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半喂入聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)回轉(zhuǎn)式柵格凹板脫分裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51305182)、浙江省公益性技術(shù)應(yīng)用研究項(xiàng)目(2013C32027)和浙江省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(Y1110647)


Design and Experiment on Rotary Grate Concave Threshing-Separating Unit of Head-feeding Combine Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)半喂入聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)在收獲高產(chǎn)水稻時(shí)容易發(fā)生脫粒滾筒堵塞、影響作業(yè)效率等問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了可沿脫粒滾筒圓弧方向循環(huán)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的回轉(zhuǎn)式柵格凹板脫粒分離裝置。對(duì)被脫物質(zhì)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了受力分析,建立了回轉(zhuǎn)式凹板的動(dòng)力學(xué)微分方程;在自行設(shè)計(jì)的回轉(zhuǎn)式柵格凹板脫分裝置試驗(yàn)臺(tái)上進(jìn)行了二次旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗(yàn),建立了脫粒滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速x1、回轉(zhuǎn)柵格凹板線速度x2、夾持喂入鏈速度x3對(duì)損失率y1、破碎率y2、含雜率y3和脫分選功耗y4等工作性能指標(biāo)的回歸分析模型,并進(jìn)行了多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化計(jì)算。結(jié)果表明:動(dòng)態(tài)的回轉(zhuǎn)柵格凹板可有效防止脫粒滾筒堵塞;最佳工作參數(shù)組合為x1=550r/min,x2=1m/s,x3=1.2m/s,對(duì)應(yīng)y1=2.14%、y2=0.2%、y3=0.6%。田間對(duì)比試驗(yàn)表明:具有回轉(zhuǎn)式柵格凹板脫分裝置的試驗(yàn)機(jī)收獲高產(chǎn)稻時(shí)可全幅快速順暢作業(yè),工作效率比固定式柵格凹板的對(duì)比機(jī)提高30%以上。經(jīng)法定機(jī)構(gòu)檢測(cè),各項(xiàng)性能指標(biāo)符合國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定。

    Abstract:

    To solve the problem of threshing drum being jammed and low working efficiency in head-feeding combine harvester with the fixed grade concave threshing-separating unit, the rotary grate concave threshing-separating unit was designed. The rotary grate concave surface ran the same direction along cylinder arc of threshing drum. The dynamic differential equation was established by the force analysis of rice during being threshed. A test platform of the rotary grate concave threshing-separating unit was developed. The effects of three factors, such as the speed of threshing drum, the speed of grate concave and the speed of chain, on the four performance indexes, such as loss rate, broken rate, impurity content rate and threshing power consumption were investigated. The optimal structural parameters and operation parameters were explored by quadratics rotary orthogonal combination design experiment. The multi-objective optimization calculation was carried out. The results showed that the running rotary grate concave could effectively prevent the threshing drum from being jammed;the best combination of parameters was as follows: the rotating speed of the threshing drum was 550r/min, the speed of the grate concave was 1m/s, and the speed of the chain was 1.2m/s. Correspondingly, the three indexes of loss rate, breakage rate and impurity content were 2.14%, 0.2% and 0.6%, respectively. The field test showed that equipped with a rotary grate concave threshing and separating unit the head-feeding combine harvester of rice production could work in the whole fast level with no jamming of threshing-separating unit, and improve working efficiency by more than 30% than the fixed grate concave. Each performance conformed to the national standard. The research result provided a theoretical basis for the design of head-feeding combine harvester for high-yielding rice.

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劉正懷,戴素江,田立權(quán),陳霓,王志明,陳德俊.半喂入聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)回轉(zhuǎn)式柵格凹板脫分裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(5):169-178. LIU Zhenghuai, DAI Sujiang, TIAN Liquan, CHEN Ni, WANG Zhiming, CHEN Dejun. Design and Experiment on Rotary Grate Concave Threshing-Separating Unit of Head-feeding Combine Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(5):169-178.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-07-13
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-05-10
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