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基于高度融合的植保無(wú)人機(jī)仿地飛行方法研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41671415)和浙江省科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016C32087)


Terrain Following Method of Plant Protection UAV Based on Height Fusion
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    摘要:

    多旋翼植保無(wú)人機(jī)在坡地作業(yè)過(guò)程中一般作業(yè)于作物上方1.5~3m的近地空中,需要保持穩(wěn)定的仿地飛行才能保障無(wú)人機(jī)的安全飛行和噴灑均勻性。提出了一種仿地飛行方法,通過(guò)前置毫米波雷達(dá)進(jìn)行坡度判斷,在坡度起伏較小時(shí),將差分GPS高度與對(duì)地毫米波雷達(dá)高度進(jìn)行卡爾曼濾波融合以提高精度,在坡度變化超出閾值時(shí),將前置毫米波雷達(dá)與對(duì)地毫米波雷達(dá)的高度進(jìn)行多雷達(dá)高度信息融合以提高響應(yīng)速度,最后采用模糊PID控制算法控制無(wú)人機(jī)高度。通過(guò)仿真和實(shí)地飛行測(cè)試,實(shí)現(xiàn)了植保無(wú)人機(jī)坡地仿地飛行高度誤差小于40cm的目的,保證了無(wú)人機(jī)的環(huán)境適應(yīng)能力和噴灑均勻性,為植保無(wú)人機(jī)在不同地形下的全自動(dòng)作業(yè)奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

    Abstract:

    Multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in sloping fields was usually operated at a height of 1.5~3m above the crops. The significance of the terrain following is that the height of the plant protection UAV above the crops do not change when the gradient of the terrain changes. The plant protection UAV needed to maintain a stable terrain following to ensure the safety of flight and spray uniformity. A terrain following method was proposed by using millimeter wave radar. The pre millimeter wave radar was used for slope judgment .When the slope was small, the height of the differential GPS and the height of the ground penetrating millimeter wave radar were filtered by Kalman filter, which can improve the accuracy. When the slope changed beyond the threshold,the height of the pre millimeter wave radar and ground penetrating millimeter wave radar were fused by multi-radar information fusion, which can improve the response speed. Then fuzzy PID algorithm was used to control the height of plant protection UAV. Through simulation and field flight test, the millimeter wave radar was accurate over the crops, and the height error of terrain following was less than 40cm. The results showed that the adaptability and the spray uniformity of the plant protection UAV in sloping fields were ensured. The research on terrain following laid a solid foundation for the automatic operation of the plant protection UAV under various terrains.

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吳開(kāi)華,孫學(xué)超,張競(jìng)成,陳豐農(nóng).基于高度融合的植保無(wú)人機(jī)仿地飛行方法研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(6):17-23. WU Kaihua, SUN Xuechao, ZHANG Jingcheng, CHEN Fengnong. Terrain Following Method of Plant Protection UAV Based on Height Fusion[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(6):17-23.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-11-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-06-10
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