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果園風(fēng)送噴霧機(jī)氣助式噴頭風(fēng)力性能數(shù)值模擬與試驗(yàn)
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中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)基金項(xiàng)目(Y2016CG28)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51705264)


Numerical Simulation and Test of Wind Performance of Gas Spray Nozzle for Orchard Air-assisted Sprayer
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)直筒型氣助式噴頭風(fēng)力性能較弱的問題,結(jié)合單點(diǎn)風(fēng)速測(cè)試和數(shù)值模擬,研究了一種“尾部先收縮后擴(kuò)張”氣助式噴頭的尾部參數(shù)對(duì)風(fēng)力性能的影響規(guī)律。首先,采用雷諾平均N-S(Navier-Stokes)方程及RNG(Renormalization group)k-ε湍流模型,建立了該型噴頭的流場(chǎng)計(jì)算模型,基于風(fēng)速測(cè)試驗(yàn)證了該模型的有效性與可靠性;其次,通過數(shù)值計(jì)算對(duì)比了兩種噴頭的風(fēng)力性能,結(jié)果表明,在進(jìn)口參數(shù)總壓105600Pa、靜壓105200Pa時(shí),本文所提噴頭出口平均風(fēng)速是直筒型噴頭對(duì)應(yīng)值的1.36倍。為了研究尾部參數(shù)(收斂段內(nèi)縮長(zhǎng)度、擴(kuò)張段高度)對(duì)本文所提噴頭風(fēng)力性能的影響,以數(shù)值計(jì)算、Opt LHD(Optimal latin hypercube design)試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)、徑向基函數(shù)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Radial basis function neural network,RBFNN)為理論基礎(chǔ),構(gòu)建了風(fēng)力性能參數(shù)的代理模型,出口端流量、平均風(fēng)速的代理模型R2分別為0.98354、0.98728,表明該模型可用于噴頭風(fēng)力性能預(yù)測(cè),指導(dǎo)參數(shù)科學(xué)配置?;诖砟P?,對(duì)噴頭風(fēng)力性能參數(shù)的影響因子進(jìn)行了分析及單目標(biāo)優(yōu)化,隨著擴(kuò)張段高度、收斂段內(nèi)縮長(zhǎng)度的增大,出口端平均風(fēng)速均呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì),而流量均呈現(xiàn)先上升后下降的變化趨勢(shì);當(dāng)擴(kuò)張段高度、收斂段內(nèi)縮長(zhǎng)度取值為1.08、5.39mm時(shí),出風(fēng)量達(dá)到最大值0.0179kg/s;而兩值分別取0、0mm時(shí),末端平均風(fēng)速達(dá)到最大值67.9m/s。針對(duì)末端流量、平均風(fēng)速相互矛盾的問題,進(jìn)行了多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化,得到了噴射性能參數(shù)最優(yōu)Pareto解集,為氣助式噴頭與果園間的優(yōu)化匹配設(shè)計(jì)提供了參考。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of weak wind power performance of straight gas-assisted nozzle, the effects of nozzle tail parameters on the flow wind power performance of new “tail first contraction and then expansion” pneumatic nozzle were studied with the combination of single point wind speed test and numerical simulation. The three dimensional numerical model was established for the pneumatic nozzle based on the Reynolds averaged N-S equation and realizable turbulence model, and the correctness and validity of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model were also verified by the wind speed test. Secondly, the wind performance of two types of nozzles was compared by numerical calculation. The results showed that outlet average wind speed was 1.36 times of the straight nozzle when the total inlet pressure was 105600Pa and the static pressure was 105200Pa. In order to study the effect of the tail parameters (the retract length of the convergent section and the height of the expansion section) on the wind performance of new type nozzle, the agent mathematical models were established by the optimal Latin hypercube design and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), thus greatly facilitating the automatic modeling and compensating for the large amount of calculation for CFD. The R2 variance of outlet flow and outlet average wind speed were 0.98354 and 0.98728, respectively, the agent mathematical model could be used for performance prediction and guiding the scientific configuration of structure parameters. The intelligent decision and optimization research of the influence factors were researched based on agent mathematical model. With the increase of the height of expansion and increase of retract length, the average wind speed at the outlet end showed a downward trend, while the flow rate showed a trend of first increase and then decrease. The air flow reached the maximum value of 0.0179kg/s when the height of the expansion section was 1.08mm and the retract length of contraction in convergent section was 5.39mm; the average wind speed reached the maximum value of 67.9m/s when the height of the expansion section was 0mm and the retract length of contraction in convergent section was 0mm. Multi-objective optimization was made, the optimal Pareto set solution of the wind performance parameters were obtained, which provided a diversified reference for optimization match design of pneumatic nozzle and orchard.

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楊風(fēng)波,張玲,薛新宇,金永奎,陳晨,孫濤.果園風(fēng)送噴霧機(jī)氣助式噴頭風(fēng)力性能數(shù)值模擬與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(6):38-47. YANG Fengbo, ZHANG Ling, XUE Xinyu, JIN Yongkui, CHEN Chen, SUN Tao. Numerical Simulation and Test of Wind Performance of Gas Spray Nozzle for Orchard Air-assisted Sprayer[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(6):38-47.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-12-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-06-10
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