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集排式大豆精量排種器設計與試驗
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(201303011)和中國博士后科學基金項目(2016M601407)


Design and Experiment of Centralized Precision Soybean Seed-metering Device
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    摘要:

    為了簡化播種單體結(jié)構(gòu),提高播種質(zhì)量,適應大豆窄行密植農(nóng)藝對播種機的要求,設計了一種集排式大豆精量排種器。闡述了該排種器滑落吸種、碰撞清種工作方式,通過對充種區(qū)域的種子進行受力分析,確定了種子吸附時排種器所需氣壓范圍;分析下落種子相對滾筒的速度及其通過吸孔的次數(shù);對多自由度密封結(jié)構(gòu)進行了受力分析,確定了氣室鉸接的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù);應用高速攝像技術(shù),選取合格指數(shù)A、重播指數(shù)D、漏播指數(shù)M為試驗指標,氣壓、作業(yè)速度為試驗因素進行了雙因素重復試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明:當氣壓為3、4kPa,作業(yè)速度為4~12km/h時,合格指數(shù)隨作業(yè)速度增大呈下降趨勢;當氣壓為5、6、7kPa,作業(yè)速度為4~12km/h時,合格指數(shù)隨作業(yè)速度增大呈先上升后下降趨勢;漏播指數(shù)隨氣壓增大呈下降趨勢,且隨作業(yè)速度增大呈上升趨勢;當氣壓為5kPa,作業(yè)速度為4~12km/h時,合格指數(shù)大于95%,漏播指數(shù)小于2%,該排種器能夠滿足播種要求

    Abstract:

    In order to simplify the structure of seeding monomer, improve the quality of planting, and meet the agricultural requirements of narrow row of soy closely planting on planter, a centralized precision seed-metering device was designed. The method of slipped seed absorbing and impacted seed cleaning of seed-metering device was expounded. Through the analysis of the movement of the seeds in filling area, the pressure range of seed metering device for seed sorption was determined. The speed of the drop seed relative to the drum and the number of the suction hole passing through were analyzed. The force analysis of the multi-degree-of-freedom seal structure was carried out to determine the structural parameters of the hinge joint of gas chamber. The high-speed camera technology was used to conduct experiment, repeated experiment of two factors was conducted in which the test indexes were qualified index, and the missing index, the multiple index and the experimental factors were air pressure and operating speed. The results of the experiment showed that when the air pressure of seed-metering device was increased from 3kPa to 4kPa and the operating speed was in the range of 4~12km/h, the qualified index showed a trend of declining with the increase of working speed. When the air pressure was increased from 5kPa to 7kPa and the operating speed was in the range of 4~12km/h, the qualified index showed a trend of declining after the growing with the increase of working speed. The missing index was in decline with the increase of pressure value and in rise with the increase of operating speed. The qualified index was more than 95% and the missing seeding index was less than 2%, while the air pressure was 5kPa and the operating speed was in the range of 4~12km/h. This seed-metering device could meet the seeding requirements well.

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王業(yè)成,靳亞東,羅嗣博,孫浩,陳海濤.集排式大豆精量排種器設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2018,49(6):112-118. WANG Yecheng, JIN Yadong, LUO Sibo, SUN Hao, CHEN Haitao. Design and Experiment of Centralized Precision Soybean Seed-metering Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(6):112-118.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-10-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-06-10
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