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坡地噴灌水滴直徑與動能強(qiáng)度分布規(guī)律研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51779246、51409244)、陜西省科技統(tǒng)籌創(chuàng)新工程計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016KTZDNY-01-03)和“十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015BAD22B01-02)


Droplet Diameter and Kinetic Energy Intensity Distribution Regularities for Sprinkler Irrigation on Sloping Land
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    摘要:

    在室內(nèi)無風(fēng)條件下應(yīng)用視頻雨滴譜儀實(shí)時監(jiān)測了不同坡度下噴灑水滴直徑和速度等信息,研究了不同坡度下水滴平均直徑及直徑頻率沿射程方向的變化規(guī)律,分別建立了水滴平均直徑、速度與坡度等之間的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系。以此為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合坡地噴灌水量分布計(jì)算方法,提出了無風(fēng)條件下坡地噴灑水滴動能強(qiáng)度計(jì)算模型,并通過試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了該模型的正確性。以雨鳥LF1200型噴頭為研究對象,應(yīng)用該模型重點(diǎn)分析了不同噴頭布置方式、間距和坡度對組合噴頭打擊動能強(qiáng)度分布的影響。結(jié)果表明:隨著噴頭間距的增大,動能強(qiáng)度分布越來越不均勻,且動能強(qiáng)度高值區(qū)所占比例不斷減??;坡度變化對坡面動能強(qiáng)度分布影響并不明顯;三角形布置方式對減小坡地噴灌打擊動能強(qiáng)度具有一定作用。同時考慮打擊動能強(qiáng)度和水量分布,在坡地噴灌系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)時,若選用雨鳥LF1200型噴頭,建議優(yōu)先采用三角形布置,且間距為08倍的平地噴頭射程。

    Abstract:

    The diameter and velocity of spray droplet on different slopes under no wind were measured by two-dimensional video disdrometer. The change regularities of average droplet diameter and its cumulative frequency along spray direction under different slopes were studied. The relationship between the average droplet diameter, velocity and slope were established. Based on the calculation method of water distribution, the model for calculating droplet kinetic energy intensity distribution of sprinkler irrigation on sloping land without wind was proposed. The model was validated by experiment. The Rainbird LF1200 sprinkler was selected as the research object, and the influences of sprinkler layout, spacing and slope on the kinetic energy intensity distribution of combined sprinkler were mainly analyzed by the model. The results showed that droplet kinetic energy intensity distribution uniformity and the proportion of high value area of kinetic energy intensity were both decreased as the sprinkler spacing was increased. The effect of slope on kinetic energy intensity distribution was insignificant. Layout of sprinklers with triangular lattice was useful to decrease kinetic energy intensity of the sprinkler on sloping land. If the Rainbird LF1200 sprinkler was used for designing sprinkler irrigation system on sloping land, the sprinkler spacing was recommend as 0.8 times of the spraying range on flat ground with the triangular lattice layout, considering the impact of kinetic energy intensity and water distribution simultaneously.

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張林,惠鑫,陳俊英.坡地噴灌水滴直徑與動能強(qiáng)度分布規(guī)律研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(6):263-270. ZHANG Lin, HUI Xin, CHEN Junying. Droplet Diameter and Kinetic Energy Intensity Distribution Regularities for Sprinkler Irrigation on Sloping Land[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(6):263-270.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-03-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-06-10
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