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仔豬自動(dòng)精細(xì)飼喂系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(61771184)、河南省產(chǎn)學(xué)研合作項(xiàng)目(162107000026)、河南省高等學(xué)校重點(diǎn)科研項(xiàng)目(14B416004、14A416002)和河南省高等學(xué)校青年骨干教師培養(yǎng)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017GGJS062)


Design and Experiment of Auto-precision Feeding System for Piglets
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)目前仔豬養(yǎng)殖成本高、自動(dòng)化程度低的問題,設(shè)計(jì)了仔豬自動(dòng)精細(xì)飼喂系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)包括機(jī)械本體和控制系統(tǒng)兩部分,機(jī)械本體主要由下料電動(dòng)機(jī)及下料螺旋裝置、攪拌電動(dòng)機(jī)及攪拌刀片和供水系統(tǒng)組成;控制系統(tǒng)主要由移動(dòng)控制終端、控制器控制面板及控制器組成。系統(tǒng)控制部分可根據(jù)液位傳感器、光電傳感器和電動(dòng)機(jī)編碼器信號(hào)對(duì)自動(dòng)精細(xì)飼喂裝置的下料電動(dòng)機(jī)、攪拌電動(dòng)機(jī)和上水水泵進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)控制,實(shí)現(xiàn)仔豬飼喂過程中的配料、攪拌、喂料、沖洗料桶和食槽的自動(dòng)化。系統(tǒng)測試結(jié)果表明:系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定可靠,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)干濕料的精細(xì)混合和均勻攪拌;以電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速為150r/min為例進(jìn)行試驗(yàn),自動(dòng)精細(xì)飼喂系統(tǒng)的落料量與電動(dòng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行時(shí)間成正比關(guān)系(r2=0.9994),實(shí)際落料量與理論計(jì)算的落料量一致,其誤差小于5%;測量飼喂系統(tǒng)螺旋裝置轉(zhuǎn)速分別為50、100、150、200、250r/min時(shí)的下料量,結(jié)果表明下料量不隨旋轉(zhuǎn)輸送裝置轉(zhuǎn)速的增加而無限增加,在轉(zhuǎn)速為200r/min時(shí)達(dá)到最大值,為0.133t/h;該自動(dòng)精細(xì)飼喂系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)表明第2周與第3周喂養(yǎng)仔豬平均日增長量約為人工喂養(yǎng)的2倍。

    Abstract:

    The automatic feeding system was designed in order to solve the problems of high cost and low automation. The system was composed of mechanical body and control system. The mechanical body mainly consisted of the feeding motor, feeding screw device, the stirring motor, mixing blade and the water supply system. The control system was composed of mobile control terminal, controller control panel and controller. The control part of the system can control the mechanical body of automatic fine feeding device based on liquid level sensor and photoelectric sensor, which can realize real-time control of the blanking motor, feeding motor and water pump and automation of ingredients, stirring, feeding, and washing buckets in process of pig feeding. Automatic feeding device included dry mixing motor, controller, profile, angle code, dry silo, mixing blades, water pump, hopper, discharge chute, mixed mixing blades, hybrid motor, feeding trough, spiral blade, arrange ushering bearing, carbon pipe, coupling and other parts. The results showed that the system was stable and reliable, and the mixing of dry and wet materials was realized. The drop of the feeding system was proportional to the operation time of the motor, and the determination coefficient of the relationship of positive proportional function was 0.9994 with motor at the speed of 150r/min in the test. The actual amount of falling material was the same as that of theoretical calculation, and its error was within 5%. The rotation speed of the feeding system was measured at 50r/min, 100r/min, 150r/min, 200r/min and 250r/min. The results showed that the quantity of the lower material reached the maximum at 200r/min, and the rate was 0.133t/h. Pig farms in Henan Province were taken as the test subject, totally 90 piglets were randomly divided into three groups of 30 piglets in the experiment. The average daily increment of piglets fed in the second and third weeks by the system was approximately twice of that of normal feeding.

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張伏,王亞飛,呂美,王俊,許子和,陳新輝.仔豬自動(dòng)精細(xì)飼喂系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(7):39-45. ZHANG Fu, WANG Yafei, Lü Mei, WANG Jun, XU Zihe, CHEN Xinhui. Design and Experiment of Auto-precision Feeding System for Piglets[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(7):39-45.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-12-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-07-10
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