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奶牛糞微好氧耦合功能膜貯存穩(wěn)定性與氣體減排研究
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歐盟框架計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(690142)、教育部創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(IRT1293)和國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFD0800102)


Storage Stability of Micro-aerobic Coupling Functional Membrane and Gas Emission Reduction of Dairy Manure
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    摘要:

    集約化養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)奶牛糞集中產(chǎn)出量大,資源化利用前貯存過程因局部厭氧易產(chǎn)生氨氣和溫室氣體等,造成氮素?fù)p失和環(huán)境污染。采用具有選擇滲透性的功能膜作為覆蓋材料同時(shí)耦合微好氧環(huán)境,對(duì)比分析未覆膜大氣環(huán)境下貯存物料特性動(dòng)態(tài)變化,探索微好氧耦合功能膜技術(shù)對(duì)奶牛糞穩(wěn)定貯存和氣體減排的可行性。以奶牛糞為原料,在智能型膜覆蓋好氧堆肥反應(yīng)器系統(tǒng)中進(jìn)行為期30d的貯存試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)設(shè)置覆膜組和對(duì)照組,采用反饋調(diào)節(jié)模式使反應(yīng)器內(nèi)氧氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)處于4%~6%的微好氧狀態(tài),監(jiān)測(cè)分析貯存過程堆體理化、生物學(xué)指標(biāo)的動(dòng)態(tài)變化和主要?dú)怏w排放規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明:微好氧耦合功能膜技術(shù)更有利于奶牛糞的穩(wěn)定貯存,且與對(duì)照組相比,貯存過程排放至環(huán)境中的氨氣量減少14.4%,總溫室氣體排放量減少25.58%,減排效果顯著。

    Abstract:

    Intensive farming produces a large amount of dairy manure every day. The prestorage process of resource utilization is easy to produce ammonia gas and greenhouse gas due to local anaerobic areas, which caused the loss of nitrogen and environmental pollution. The functional membrane with selective permeability was used as the covering material and coupled with the microaerobic environment, and the dynamic changes of storage materials were analyzed to explore the feasibility of micro-aerobic coupling membrane technology for storage stability of dairy manure and gas emission reduction. Dairy manure was used as experimental materials, and membrane with selective permeability was used as covering material, the storage trial was carried out in an intelligent lab-scale membranecovered aerobic composting reactor system for 30 d. There were membrane-covered treatment and control treatment in this trial. To make the internal oxygen concentration between 4% and 6%, the oxygen concentration in the reactor was controlled by the feedback regulation mode through the pipe at the bottom of the reactor. Physicochemical indicators, biological indicators and main gases emission were monitored and analyzed in the storage process. The results showed that the microaerobic coupling membrane technology was more conducive to storage stability compared with conventional storage. And the effect of gas emission reduction was significant. Compared with the control group, the ammonia gas emission was decreased by 14.4%, and the total greenhouse gas emission was decreased by 25.58% in the membrane-covered group.

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黃光群,方晨,馬雙雙,韓魯佳.奶牛糞微好氧耦合功能膜貯存穩(wěn)定性與氣體減排研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(7):335-341. HUANG Guangqun, FANG Chen, MA Shuangshuang, HAN Lujia. Storage Stability of Micro-aerobic Coupling Functional Membrane and Gas Emission Reduction of Dairy Manure[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(7):335-341.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-04-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-07-10
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