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生物炭與化肥互作對(duì)土壤含水率與番茄產(chǎn)量的影響
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51779117、41161038)和內(nèi)蒙古自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2018LH03026)


Coupling Effect of Biochar and Fertilizer on Soil Water Content and Tomato Yield
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    摘要:

    為探明生物炭與化肥互作對(duì)土壤含水率與番茄產(chǎn)量的影響,設(shè)置5個(gè)生物炭水平:0t/hm2(B1)、10t/hm2(B2)、20t/hm2(B3)、40t/hm2(B4)、60t/hm2(B5),2個(gè)化肥水平:中肥(F1)和低肥(F2),進(jìn)行大田試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明:0~20cm土層土壤含水率均隨生物炭施用量增加呈增大趨勢(shì);番茄生長(zhǎng)階段,0~20cm高炭處理增幅顯著,其中B4F1處理增幅達(dá)40%;20~40cm土壤含水率與0~20cm變化規(guī)律恰好相反,與對(duì)照相比,施炭處理土壤含水率均呈下降趨勢(shì),其中B4F1和B4F2含水率最低,為對(duì)照的70%。施加生物炭后土壤含水率變化幅度(Ka)和變異程度(Cv)減弱,同一深度土壤隨著施炭量增加Ka和Cv均減小。與對(duì)照相比,較高施炭處理(B4F1、B4F2、B5F1、B5F2)變異系數(shù)Cv相對(duì)較小。隨著番茄生長(zhǎng),土壤含水率在垂直剖面影響表現(xiàn)為較高施炭量(B4F1、B4F2、B5F1、B5F2)能有效保持耕作層有效水分,與對(duì)照相比差異顯著。隨著施炭量增加,番茄產(chǎn)量增幅呈現(xiàn)先升高、后降低的趨勢(shì),且均高于對(duì)照。B4F1、B4F2、B5F1、B5F2分別增加46.34%、58.61%、49.63%和39.18%,其中B4F2產(chǎn)量最高。同一施炭處理、不同施肥處理間差異不顯著。研究成果可為內(nèi)蒙古半干旱地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)提供依據(jù)。

    Abstract:

    To explore the effects of biochar and fertilizer interaction on tomato soil moisture content and yield, five biochar levels were set at 0t/hm2 (B1), 10t/hm2 (B2), 20t/hm2(B3), 40t/hm2 (B4) and 60t/hm2 (B5); two fertilization levels were set at midfertilizer (F1) and lowfertilizer (F2). The results showed that with the increase of biochar application, the soil water content of the highbiochars were increased. Among them, B4F1 was the most significant and was increased by 40%. However, the soil water content in 20~40cm was opposite to that of 0~20cm. Compared with the control, it showed a downward trend. Among them, B4F1 and B4F2 had the smallest soil water content, which was only 70% of the control. The overall changing trend of soil water content in 40~80cm was consistent with that in 20~40cm. After the application of biochar, the changing range (Ka) and variation degree (Cv) of soil water content were decreased. For the same depth of soil, with the increase of application rate, the biochar Ka and Cv appeared decreasing trend. Compared with the control, the Cv under high application of charcoal (B4F1, B4F2, B5F1 and B5F2) was relatively small. With the growth of tomatoes, the effect of soil water content on the vertical profile showed that compared with the control the higher application of biochar (B4F1, B4F2, B5F1 and B5F2) effectively maintained the effective water. With the increase of biochar application, the increase in tomato yields was firstly increased and then decreased, and both were higher than that of control. The yield of B4F1, B4F2, B5F1 and B5F2 were increased by 46.34%, 58.61%, 49.63% and 39.18%, respectively. Among them, the yield of B4F2 treatment was the highest. There was no significant difference in different fertilization treatments. The research results can provide a basis for agricultural production in semiarid regions of Inner Mongolia.

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勾芒芒,屈忠義.生物炭與化肥互作對(duì)土壤含水率與番茄產(chǎn)量的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(11):283-288. GOU Mangmang, QU Zhongyi. Coupling Effect of Biochar and Fertilizer on Soil Water Content and Tomato Yield[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(11):283-288.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-03-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2018-11-10